tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-60241479513662580932024-02-20T10:30:08.214-08:00Chinese Historical Society of Southern CaliforniaChinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.comBlogger91125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-54510901767096104062013-12-12T19:42:00.001-08:002013-12-12T19:42:56.354-08:00Walt Disney Family Museum: New Tyrus Wong artwork discovered in a Chinatown church<div align="center" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Calibri, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">
<b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"><br />New Tyrus Wong artwork discovered in a Chinatown church<u></u><u></u></span></b></div>
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<a href="http://www.waltdisney.org/wong" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank"><b><i>Water to Paper, Paint to Sky: The Art of Tyrus Wong</i></b></a><b></b><b><i><u></u><u></u></i></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"><span class="aBn" data-term="goog_753797713" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; position: relative; top: -2px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ" style="position: relative; top: 2px; z-index: -1;">December 12, 2013</span></span>, San Francisco, CA</span></b> — Midway through an exhibition showcasing ones life-retrospective, it is rare to uncover artwork done by the celebrated artist. The Walt Disney Family Museum is excited to announce the discovery of a larger-than-life-sized painting, formally titled <i>Jesus</i>, hidden away—and assumed forgotten—in a church in San Francisco’s Chinatown until now.<u></u><u></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">After reducing the surface dirt, supporting the frame, and preparing it for exhibition, The Walt Disney Family Museum has decided to add Wong’s <i>Jesus</i> to our current special exhibition—<i>Water to Paper, Paint to Sky: The Art of Tyrus Wong</i>—a life-retrospective of the art of 103 year old artist and Disney Legend Tyrus Wong.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">Prior to its discovery, Wong had painted<i> Jesus</i> on request from Reverend T. T. Taam for the Chinese Congregational Church in Los Angeles, circa 1935. According to Wong, the church’s caretaker did not like the painting and asked for it to be removed as he felt Jesus should be depicted in a more traditional manner; in Wong’s <i>Jesus</i>, the subject’s hair and beard are painted red, with archetypical Asian facial features. The painting shows some of the influences of Stanton MacDonald-Wright, whose paintings and color styles were beginning to influence Wong and other Los Angeles artists at that time.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">How the painting made its way to San Francisco is still a bit of a mystery, but it is believed to have traveled with the Reverend when he moved to the city around 1939. It is at the Chinese United Methodist Church in San Francisco where <i>Jesus</i> stayed for 75 years, collecting dust and miraculously avoiding further damage by the constant movement of patrons and choir children running to and fro.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">Wong’s <i>Jesus </i>will be on view in time for this holiday season, starting <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_753797714" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; position: relative; top: -2px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ" style="position: relative; top: 2px; z-index: -1;">Saturday, December 21</span></span> until the exhibition closes on <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_753797715" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; position: relative; top: -2px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ" style="position: relative; top: 2px; z-index: -1;">February 3, 2014</span></span>.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">ABOUT THE EXHIBITION</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"><br /></span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">Now through <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_753797716" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; position: relative; top: -2px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ" style="position: relative; top: 2px; z-index: -1;">February 3, 2014</span></span>, The Walt Disney Family Museum presents the exhibition<i> Water to Paper, Paint to Sky: The Art of Tyrus Wong. </i>Organized by<i></i></span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">Michal Labrie, the museum’s director of collections, the exhibition focuses on the life and work of Chinese-American artist Tyrus Wong—a celebrated painter, muralist, kite maker, lithographer, Hollywood sketch artist, calligrapher, ceramicist, and Disney Legend. At age 103, Wong is still a practicing artist today.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"> This retrospective features more than 150 works including paintings, sculptures, works on paper, painted scarves, kites, and more. Although he never met Walt Disney, it was the ethereal beauty of Wong’s Eastern influenced paintings that caught Walt’s eye and became the inspiration for the animated feature <i>Bambi</i>, which changed the way animation art was presented, and continues to be an inspiration to contemporary artists.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"><u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"> The exhibition also includes paintings, hand painted ceramics and silk scarves, original greeting cards, works on paper, and his latest work including handmade and hand-painted kites, which range in size from six inches to 150 feet.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"><u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">Water to Paper, Paint to Sky: The Art of Tyrus Wong </span></i><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;">is organized by The Walt Disney Family Museum.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">ABOUT THE MUSEUM<u></u><u></u></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">The Walt Disney Family Museum presents the fascinating story and achievements of Walt Disney, the man who raised animation to an art, transformed the film industry, tirelessly pursued innovation, and created a global and distinctively American legacy. Opened in October 2009, the </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">40,000 square foot facility feature</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">s the newest technology and historic materials and artifacts to bring Disney’s achievements to life, with </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">interactive galleries that include early drawings and animation, movies, music, listening stations, a spectacular model of Disneyland and much more.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"><u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">Hours:</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_753797717" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; position: relative; top: -2px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ" style="position: relative; top: 2px; z-index: -1;">10am to 6pm</span></span>, Wednesdays through <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_753797718" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; position: relative; top: -2px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ" style="position: relative; top: 2px; z-index: -1;">Monday</span></span>; closed on Tuesdays and the following public holidays: New Year’s Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">Tickets:</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> $20 adults, $15 seniors and students, and $12 children ages 6 to 17.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">Admission is free for</span><a href="http://www.disney.go.com/disneyatoz/familymuseum/museum/membership.html" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> members</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">Where: </span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">The Presidio of San Francisco, 104 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94129<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> <wbr></wbr> <u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">Contact: </span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="tel:415.345.6800" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank" value="+14153456800">415.345.6800</a> | </span><a href="http://www.waltdisney.org/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">www.waltdisney.org</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> | </span><a href="http://www.waltdisney.org/wong" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">www.waltdisney.org/wong</span></a> <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">Facebook: <a href="http://facebook.com/WDFMuseum" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">facebook.com/WDFMuseum</a><u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;">Twitter | Instagram: @WDFMuseum</span></div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-42566607279012871912013-02-04T13:01:00.001-08:002013-02-04T13:01:39.274-08:00<!--[if !mso]>
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<b><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jack Lee </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jue </span></span></b></h2>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjULM5klZ6YqRsZdsuk5HrUlRWFAoYryp8f2XosytqG5RInYtzbyUALpfVij2iTy0nEcEk_SkYsBTIUpc6fWlkasPcTKqvA_loPutN-hmPhb-T3nUiSlwgQWfAMD9nXGpCdlU1QlgM80vU/s1600/1998370_300x300_1.jpeg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjULM5klZ6YqRsZdsuk5HrUlRWFAoYryp8f2XosytqG5RInYtzbyUALpfVij2iTy0nEcEk_SkYsBTIUpc6fWlkasPcTKqvA_loPutN-hmPhb-T3nUiSlwgQWfAMD9nXGpCdlU1QlgM80vU/s1600/1998370_300x300_1.jpeg.jpg" title="" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">June 10, 1928 - January 2, 2013 <br />
Jack Lee Jue, 84, of Pasadena,
died peacefully on January 2, 2013 surrounded by his loving family. Jack
attended <a href="http://www.legacy.com/memorial-sites/ucla/?personid=162245004&affiliateID=91" title="Visit UCLA Memorial Site to see similar profiles">UCLA</a> and UC Davis.
Jack and his father specialized in asparagus farming. Later, Jack worked for
the County of Los Angeles and was a licensed real
estate broker and appraiser. He became President and co-owner of National
Appraisal Corporation and President of the Los Angeles Chapter of the Appraisal
Institute. Among one of Jack's greatest career accomplishments, was being one
of the founders of Standard Savings Bank. His greatest personal accomplishment
was his family, his faith in God and his work with his church family. Jack is
survived by his wife of 62 years, Alice, their 5 children; Jack Jr (Elizabeth),
Arlene (Steve), Richard (Terri), Adrienne (William) and Leslie (Brian), 10
grandchildren and 2 great grandchildren; Robert (Kelly, Jackson, Riley), Leah,
Jordan, Nicklaus, Kelle, Brian, Kevin, Jacqueline, Matthew, Emily, 3 sisters;
Soo-Jan (Mel), Pingeleen, Soo-Yin (Ed), sister-in-law Estelle (Miles), his
brother Guy deceased and his sister Joan (Richard) who preceded his passing by
just days. <br />
Memorial Service: 12:00 pm, Tuesday, January 15, 2013 Visitation: 7-8 pm,
Monday, January 14, 2013 The Old North Church, Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills
6300 Forest Lawn Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90068 Donations may be made in memory
of Jack Jue to the San Gabriel Presbyterian Church 200 West Las Tunas Drive,
San Gabriel, CA 91776. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><a href="http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory&pid=162245004#fbLoggedOut">Published
in the Los Angeles Times on January 13, 2013 </a><a href="http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory&pid=162245004#fbLoggedOut">http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory&pid=162245004#fbLoggedOut</a></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 13.5pt;">Jack
L. Jue- Remembering my Father </span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgICPkUSYk7qR10K2DQaXDvFqhqx1YMjxyNTDmImgGypvPC9yZiBOt-o2dsIGhyphenhyphenKxZIF8yuxeIe5dGiMYa4ipKcBOGV1v-X38egC7f6FSo-CNaCSV5jL1FjbfVcnSTozxXoRm_rn06FDEeW/s1600/Dad+Christmas+Eve.JPG"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">I had the great honor to spend the last
10 days of my father Jack's life constantly at his bedside. In those 10 days my
father continued to teach me how to live life, how to care for others, and how
to face adversity as he has throughout my life. One evening at the hospital
when we were alone, it was my task to tell him that his doctors had determined
that there was nothing more they could do to treat his invasive bladder cancer
and that his life was most likely to be numbered in days rather then weeks,
months or years. He calmly asked me the particulars about what was most likely
to come and then fell asleep. He slept straight through the night like a baby.
It was the first night in the hospital that he had a good nights sleep. When he
awoke he told me that he thought that it was pretty bad and scary story that I
had told him the night before but that he was very comfortable that I was sleeping
by his side in the recliner chair and joked with me that if I wanted I was
welcome to sleep by his side every night, although he was quite concerned about
how uncomfortable I looked in that chair!</span>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> After that evening, we spent very
little time talking about that bad and scary story and instead shared other
stories of my Dad's full and eventful and exciting life and of the many people
he had known. My Dad had a gift for what the Hawaiians call “talking story” and
he did that for the next 10 days when we were together. I will share just a
little bit of that story. Dad was born to a Chinese immigrant family that had a
successful asparagus farming business in the San Fernando Valley.
He went to UCLA and then finished his education at UC Davis. He met and married
the love of his life, my mother, Alice starting a family that would ultimately
grow to 5 children, 10 grandchildren and 2 great grandchildren. After college
he joined his father in Asparagus farming for a number of years. . Later due to
forces beyond their control, my father and his father lost their Asparagus
farming business and were forced to remake themselves completely from scratch.
My father tried a number of jobs including gardening running a toy store (I
liked that one), selling Christmas trees and other odd jobs. Eventually he
settled on Real Estate as a career, taking classes and becoming a salesmen and
broker. Later he began working for the County of Los Angeles
and was trained as a Real Estate Appraiser by the county. He worked for many
years in the Capital Projects department. After retiring from the County he
started his own successful Real Estate appraisal business which he operated
until his retirement. In 1982 he and others formed Standard Savings Bank which
became very successful serving the Chinese community. Later in life my Father
discovered Christ and the Church and the Church community became a large part
of his life.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Those are the bare outlines of my Dad's
story. But the bigger story is the story of how he lived his life. He was
always a humble, and unassuming man, who cared deeply about his family , and
friends . He was a good listener and always wanted to hear your story and what
you were doing. He was funny, and was endearing to all who knew him making you
feel comfortable in his true warmth. But the secret was that he was not just
this way with family and friends but with everyone. The nursing assistants who
cared for him in the hospital during the last days of his life would come out
of his room laughing and amazed at how my Dad had joked with them in Spanish.
Woken up at 430 in the morning by a nursing assistant to bathe him and change
his bedding, he complimented her profusely on her skill at getting the job done
all by herself without him even getting out of bed. Although in dire straits
and very ill, he did not dwell on his condition but instead wanted to know all
the details about how she had learned how to do her job so well! That is the
way Dad was ... He was every one's good friend. even strangers, waitresses at restaurants,
car mechanics... nurses and nursing assistants who cared for him, new
parishioners in his church ... It didn't matter who you were or what your
station was in life , he wanted to connect with you and hear your story.
In the last 10 days of his life although very weak he pulled himself
together to share time and stories with his large extended family and many
friends who came to visit , holding forth from his hospital bed in the living
room of his home.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> . ... He is gone now and we all ,
family and friends, miss him terribly. But I will speak for my father .. He
would say, please go on with those family celebrations to come, the small group
Church meetings to come, the cruises to foreign lands, the parties with
friends, and those noodle lunches he so loved to share with you . He is very
sorry he will not be there but will be there with you in spirit, sharing
together with you the good times. But he would also say , that he will be with
you as well through the difficult and not so good times, his spirit will be
with you always comforting you when you are in need. </span></div>
Jack Jue Jr. <br />
From<a href="http://juejoeclan.blogspot.com/">
http://juejoeclan.blogspot.com</a>/<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-849132141701768572013-01-16T10:37:00.000-08:002013-01-16T10:37:05.468-08:00A Land of Shadows<!--[if !mso]>
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<br />
<div class="paragraphstyle">
<br /></div>
<div class="paragraphstyle">
<span class="style1"> </span><span class="style1"></span><span class="style3">jason francisco</span><span class="style4">
</span><a href="http://www.jasonfrancisco.net/jason_francisco_photoworks_%26_writings/PHOTOWORKS___Jason_Francisco.html" title="PHOTOWORKS___Jason_Francisco.html">photoworks</a><span class="style7">
</span><a href="http://www.jasonfrancisco.net/jason_francisco_photoworks_%26_writings/WRITINGS___Jason_Francisco.html" title="WRITINGS___Jason_Francisco.html">writings</a><span class="style7">
</span><a href="http://www.jasonfrancisco.net/jason_francisco_photoworks_%26_writings/About___Jason_Francisco.html" title="About___Jason_Francisco.html">about</a><span class="style7">
</span><a href="mailto:jlfrancisco@earthlink.net?subject=contact%20from%20your%20website" title="mailto:jlfrancisco@earthlink.net?subject=contact from your website">contact</a>
</div>
<div class="paragraphstyle1">
<span class="style">A Land of Shadows</span> <span class="style1">(2005-ongoing) is an inquiry into immigrant Chinese life in rural
19</span><span class="style2">th</span><span class="style1"> century California—a communal
life that was itinerant, vulnerable, preyed upon, resilient, and centrally
important in the state’s and the nation’s history. Taking its title from
a traditional Chinese metaphor for the domain of the ancestors, the project
integrates my own photographs of the remnants of Chinese settlement in the Sierra Nevada foothills and the Sacramento Delta areas
into a forgotten compendium of government mug shots of Chinese immigrants, made
by D.D. Beatty in Downieville, circa 1890. The result is a remade book,
part document, part poetic archaeology. By asking historic and
contemporary pictures alternately to intervene on and slip away from one another,
the new book addresses disjunctions and silences within the historical
experience of the Chinese American community, and the difficulty of their
formation as memory. </span> </div>
<div class="paragraphstyle">
<span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><!--[if !mso]>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial Narrow"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIcOoh9EzboqDCQ_nSx25HLYwf_ASoadgyDfkztt6zG_YOQdSx5LHsR9gMXSItZ_kkKZ0-ZI7HnoOq7Gon6wHq-yykDpCoOFPjRR-z90juq_c8A7bo21l3z-yXtS2GaaQI7jhPp7uUcow/s1600/men%252Cjpg.jpg"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span></a></span> </span><span class="style1"><a href="http://www.jasonfrancisco.net/jason_francisco_photoworks_%26_writings/A_Land_of_Shadows___Jason_Francisco.html"></a></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<img alt="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIcOoh9EzboqDCQ_nSx25HLYwf_ASoadgyDfkztt6zG_YOQdSx5LHsR9gMXSItZ_kkKZ0-ZI7HnoOq7Gon6wHq-yykDpCoOFPjRR-z90juq_c8A7bo21l3z-yXtS2GaaQI7jhPp7uUcow/s1600/men%252Cjpg.jpg" class="decoded" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIcOoh9EzboqDCQ_nSx25HLYwf_ASoadgyDfkztt6zG_YOQdSx5LHsR9gMXSItZ_kkKZ0-ZI7HnoOq7Gon6wHq-yykDpCoOFPjRR-z90juq_c8A7bo21l3z-yXtS2GaaQI7jhPp7uUcow/s320/men%252Cjpg.jpg" width="320" /><span class="style1"> <a href="http://www.jasonfrancisco.net/jason_francisco_photoworks_%26_writings/A_Land_of_Shadows___Jason_Francisco.html">Click
this Link to see the slide Show </a></span></div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-47531019679097174342012-11-29T08:08:00.000-08:002012-11-29T08:08:11.841-08:00Nancy Kwan Exhibit at MPK Library 2011<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<object width="320" height="266" class="BLOGGER-youtube-video" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" data-thumbnail-src="http://1.gvt0.com/vi/L9bl3tu_dIk/0.jpg"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/L9bl3tu_dIk&fs=1&source=uds" /><param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><embed width="320" height="266" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/L9bl3tu_dIk&fs=1&source=uds" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></div>
Last year, Cindy Cosales presented Actress Nancy Kwan exhibit at the MP Bruggemeyer Library.. Curated by resident Cindy Yee, the exhibit highlights and pays
tribute to Ms. Kwan who starred in films such as The World of Suzie
Wong and Flower Drum Song. In this video, Cindy Yee discusses her
personal history with Ms. Kwan as well as her experience organizing a
recent tribute to the film star.Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-7684088667781808362012-11-28T16:08:00.000-08:002012-11-28T16:08:37.268-08:00Chinese American Banks<h1 class="articleTitle entry-title" id="articleTitle">
Chinese-American banks provide financial support for San Gabriel Valley, Los Angeles </h1>
<div class="articleByline" id="articleByline">
By <span class="author vcard"><span class="fn">Lauren Gold, SGVN <br /> <a href="http://twitter.com/laurenkgold">twitter.com/laurenkgold</a><span class="source-org vcard"></span></span></span></div>
<div class="articleDate" id="articleDate">
Posted:
11/27/2012 07:52:35 PM PST</div>
<div class="articleSecondaryDate" id="articleDate">
Updated:
11/28/2012 10:14:32 AM PST</div>
<br /><span></span><div class="articlePositionHeader">
<div class="articleImageBox" style="width: 650px;">
<span class="articleImage"><a href="http://www.presstelegram.com/portlet/article/html/imageDisplay.jsp?contentItemRelationshipId=4796710" target="_new"><img alt="" border="0" height="428" src="http://extras.mnginteractive.com/live/media/site207/2012/1127/20121127_090118_SX28-BANKS.jpg" title="" width="650" /></a></span><div class="articleImageCaption" style="width: 100%;">
A
woman enters New Omni Bank at Garfield Avenue and Valley Boulevard
in Alhambra Friday, November 23, 2012. The two-year-old bank is located
in what is considered the "new Chinatown" in the San Gabriel Valley.
(SGVN/Staff File Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz)</div>
</div>
</div>
<span></span><div class="entry-content">
<div class="articleBody" id="articleBody">
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<div class="articleImageBox" style="width: 400px;">
<span class="articleImage"><a href="http://www.presstelegram.com/portlet/article/html/imageDisplay.jsp?contentItemRelationshipId=4796711" target="_new"><img alt="" border="0" height="394" src="http://extras.mnginteractive.com/live/media/site207/2012/1127/20121127_090220_SX27-BANKS2_400.jpg" title="" width="400" /></a></span><div class="articleImageCaption" style="width: 100%;">
Cathay
Bank located at 250 South Atlantic Boulevard in Monterey Park Monday,
November 19, 2012. The San Gabriel Valley has become the New Chinatown,
not only for the plethora of Asian Restaurants that have popped up along
Valley Boulevard, but the area is also home to a large volume of
Chinese banks, earning it the nickname of "Asian Wall Street".
(SGVN/Photo by Walt Mancini)</div>
</div>
</div>
<span></span></div>
<span></span><hr />
<b><span style="color: #99000;">Gallery:</span> <a href="http://photos.pasadenastarnews.com/2012/11/19/photos-san-gabriel-valley-new-chinatown-asian-wall-street/" target="_blank">San Gabriel Valley has become the New Chinatown, nicknamed "Asian Wall Street"</a></b>
<hr />
When Cathay Bank, under the leadership of the late Wilbur Woo,
opened a small storefront in Los Angeles' Chinatown in 1962, it offered
financial services to a Chinese-American community that couldn't find
them anywhere else.
<br />
Woo died last week in his Monterey Park home at 96, but his
role as a founder of the first Chinese-American bank lives on in the
flourishing "Asian Wall Street" of Los Angeles County.
<br />
"I think it gave him a great deal of satisfaction to know that
he could play a role in obtaining a loan for someone who otherwise
would lack the money to be a success on their own," said Woo's son
Michael Woo, a former Los Angeles city councilman and dean at Cal Poly
Pomona. "In the early days, many of the Chinese-American customers were
skeptical if they could get a loan from an American bank."
<br />
Fifty years later, Cathay Bank has become one of the most prominent financial institutions in Los Angeles County, Woo said.
<br />
But now it has a lot more company.
<br />
The National Association of Chinese American Bankers, with the
majority of its 80 members located in Southern California, just
celebrated its 25th anniversary, and the California Department of
Financial <br />
<div class="articleEmbeddedAdBox" style="width: 336px;">
<hr class="articleAdRule" />
<div align="center" class="adElement" id="adPosBox">
</div>
Institutions listed 28 Asian or Pacific Islander banks in California at the end of 2011.
</div>
Many of those banks - including EastWest Bank, Industrial and
Commercial Bank of China (ICBC), Chinatrust Bank and American Plus Bank -
can be found in Los Angeles' Chinatown and the so-called "New
Chinatown" in Alhambra, San Gabriel and Monterey Park, as well as
further east to the Cathay Bank headquarters in El Monte and Rowland
Heights.
<br />
Henry Li, marketing director for Cathay Bank, said
Chinese-American banks help attract new, often wealthy, immigrants from
China who feel more comfortable using a bank where staff members speak
several dialects of the Chinese language.
<br />
Many parents also send their students to schools in the area,
Li said, because they can easily transfer money to their children's bank
accounts.
<br />
"I think Los Angeles is still a booming town because the
influx of all the new immigrants," Li said. "We are seeing a lot of new
immigrants from China who are pretty well-off. ... We notice some of the
new immigrants from Asia, before they even come to the U.S., they do
their homework and ... open accounts with us even prior to coming to Los
Angeles."
<br />
And, said Assemblyman Mike Eng, D-Alhambra, even for
Chinese-American residents that have settled and established businesses,
the banks often help ease the cultural transition from east to west.
<br />
"The Chinese banks have really provided options to the Asian
businesses," Eng said. "It allowed them to have more access to community
banks that spoke their own language, that sent representatives into
their community who (they) probably attended church with, or were in the
Rotary Club with."
<br />
It's not just the Chinese community that feels at home in Chinese-American banks.
<br />
Many cities see them as part of the local community, and most
banks are registered American companies. Alhambra's former redevelopment
agency, for example, had a line of credit with a local Chinese bank.
<br />
"Typically the decision-makers are local as opposed to having
to deal with someone in an ivory tower in their national headquarters,"
Alhambra Chamber of Commerce President Mark Paulson said. "You are
dealing with a local institution and they know better the local economy,
and it's much easier to deal with. When you say `Chinese bank,' you're
not dealing with someone in China or Taiwan. Typically, the local
directors, they are all right here."
<br />
The banks' presence in the Los Angeles region is not an
accident, nor is it limited to the local banking needs of a minority
community, said Baizhu Chen, a professor at the University of Southern
California Marshall School of Business.
<br />
The banks, he said, are essential to the local and nationwide
economy because they help facilitate the large volume of trade flowing
in and out of the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach.
<br />
"Los Angeles is the gateway for America to do business with
Asia. It is also a gateway for Asia into North America as well. ... The
community banks are the natural bridge between this community in Los
Angeles doing business with China," Chen said. "The banks provide
liquidity, it's like the blood of the body, without the blood the body
will not function. ... You have the finance coming from the banks to
facility the buy and sell."
<br />
The banks and their employees have also helped bring Chinese
money into the region through the federal government's EB-5 Immigration
Investor visa program, which grants permanent residency to foreign
investors, said Jordan Levine, director of economic research for Beacon
Economics.
<br />
Many developments in Los Angeles County have been built with these foreign funds.
<br />
"They are basically all new money coming into the U.S. that
wouldn't otherwise have come here in the absence of EB-5," Levine said.
<br />
Chinese banks also drive Chinese tourism to the Los Angeles area, he said, giving visitors easy access to their money.
<br />
"I know Chinese tourism through the airports here in
California has been going up remarkably," Levine said. "It's not just
business travelers scoping out investments but also folks coming out
here for holidays."
<br />
These "new money" sources, along with the banks' other
financial roles in the community, have helped the local economy weather
the 2008 recession, said Robert Kleinhenz, chief economist for the Kyser
Center for Economic Research.
<br />
"I think that's an important source of capital for those
communities right now," Kleinhenz said. "Many of them fared better
during the recession than other parts of L.A. County. I think there was
something unusual that helped those communities and that certainly could
be the capital coming from China."
<br />
From the "New Chinatown" to "Asian Wall Street," the
Chinese-American community that surrounded Wilbur Woo when he died this
month is a world away from the San Gabriel Valley he entered as one of
the first Chinese immigrants to move to Monterey Park.
<br />
"He led a long rich life for 96 years and came a really long
way from being a boy who immigrated here at age 5," Michael Woo said. "I
think there were challenges in the beginning, I think there may have
been some skepticism that a bank owned by Chinese Americans would have a
large enough potential audience. But it turned out to be a good bet."
<br />
Funeral services for Woo will be held at 11 a.m. Dec. 1 at Rose Hills Memorial Park, 3888 Workman Mill Road, Whittier.
<br />
<a href="mailto:lauren.gold@sgvn.com">lauren.gold@sgvn.com</a>
<br />
626-657-0990
</div>
</div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com49tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-13769870120548307372012-11-19T13:00:00.000-08:002012-11-19T13:00:11.670-08:00From China to Ventura<!--[if !mso]>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">Chinese
pioneers of Ventura
County subjects of new
museum exhibit </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 18.0pt;">From China
to Ventura</span></b></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: black; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">By <a href="http://www.vcstar.com/staff/brett-johnson/" title="Brett Johnson">Brett
Johnson</a> </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; color: black; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Posted August 25, 2012 at 3 p.m.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">For pictures and more information see </span></div>
<br />
<h3>
<a href="http://www.vcstar.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ventura County Star</span></a></h3>
<h3>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></h3>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">
<br />
Read more: <a href="http://www.vcstar.com/news/2012/aug/25/chinese-pioneers-of-ventura-county-subjects-of/#ixzz2Chc67Qit"><span style="color: #003399;">http://www.vcstar.com/news/2012/aug/25/chinese-pioneers-of-ventura-county-subjects-of/#ixzz2Chc67Qit</span></a>
<br />
- vcstar.com </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
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<![endif]--><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial Narrow"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://www.vcstar.com/photos/2012/aug/25/179631/"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img alt="These men from a Chinese fire brigade are shown in a parade in this photo taken in the late 1800s by John Calvin Brewster, a chronicler of late 19th century and early 20th century life in Ventura County. The Chinatowns in Ventura and Oxnard both established their own fire brigades, and some said it was because of slow response times from local fire departments to blazes in those areas.
" border="0" height="342" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\GHOM~1.MAI\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.jpg" width="607" /></span></span></a></span> </span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;"><a href="http://www.vcstar.com/photos/2012/aug/25/179631/"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><br /></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="photocredit" style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">Photo
by Museum of Ventura County, Contributed photo </span></div>
<div class="caption" style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">These men
from a Chinese fire brigade are shown in a parade in this photo taken in the
late 1800s by John Calvin Brewster, a chronicler of late 19th century and early
20th century life in Ventura
County. The Chinatowns in
Ventura and Oxnard both established their own fire
brigades, and some said it was because of slow response times from local fire
departments to blazes in those areas. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;"></span></div>
<h4 style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">Chinese exhibit</span></h4>
<div style="background: white;">
<strong><span style="color: black;">What:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> The exhibit "Hidden Voices: The Chinese of Ventura
County" opens Saturday and runs through Nov. 25 at the Museum of Ventura
County, 100 E. Main St.
in Ventura.
Admission is $4 for adults, $3 for seniors and $1 for kids 6 to 17. Kids under
6 and museum members get in free. Admission also is free for all on the first
Sunday of every month. General museum hours are 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tuesdays
through Sundays. For more information, call 653-0323 or visit <a href="http://www.venturamuseum.org/">http://www.venturamuseum.org</a>.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<strong><span style="color: black;">Festival:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> In lieu of an opening night reception, the museum will
host a Chinese Cultural Heritage Festival on Sept. 8 from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m.
Highlights of that will include a Chinese lion dance; a dance troupe and
calligraphy and brush painting shows from the Ventura County Chinese American
Association; and a papermaking demonstration from the Conejo Chinese Cultural
Association. Admission is $5; children under 12 and museum members get in free.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">Other exhibit-related
events and dates at the museum include:</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<strong><span style="color: black;">Oct. 7:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> A 2 p.m. screening of the documentary film "Courage
& Contribution: The Chinese in Ventura
County." The film
deals with 19th century Chinese immigration to California
and the evolution of Chinatown communities in Ventura
and Oxnard. It
highlights contributions of Chinese agricultural workers and merchants, Chinese
fire companies and the story of Bill Soo Hoo of Oxnard,
the first Chinese mayor elected in California
history. Free.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<strong><span style="color: black;">Oct. 27:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> A 1 p.m. book talk by William Gow, co-author (with Linda
Bentz) of "Hidden Lives: A Century of Chinese American History in Ventura County." Gow is the great-grandson
of Wong Ah Gow and Lou Oy Gow, who owned Gow Markets in Oxnard in the early 1900s. He will talk about
the role of Chinese immigrants in the evolution of Ventura County.
$5.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<strong><span style="color: black;">Nov. 18:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> A 2 p.m. lecture from local artist BiJian Fan on the
history of paper and various paper arts in China. He will also talk about
modern techniques and materials he uses in his kinetic sculptures. $5.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">People interested in the
Cultural Heritage Festival and the other events are asked to RSVP at 653-0323
ext. 7.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">The Chinatowns that
sprang up in Ventura and Oxnard in the late 19th and early 20th
centuries held together a tiny and hardscrabble community of gritty people who
had left their homeland to escape hardships only to find a new slate of them
here.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">Almost all these people
came from the Guangdong (formerly Canton) province of southeast China, an area wracked by
rebellions and opium wars, as well as widespread hunger, poverty and death. In Ventura County
and elsewhere in the U.S.,
they suffered racial discrimination and were subjects of exclusion laws — the
first immigrant group ever targeted that way in U.S. history — that made it
impossible for most to bring their families here.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">They eked out a largely
mundane life. Many — alone, not speaking English nor understanding our culture
— got jobs as farm laborers, ranch cooks, construction workers, fishermen,
domestic servants and laundry cleaners. In the local Chinatowns,
they lived in crude wooden buildings in tight quarters.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">"It must have been a
really tough existence," said historian Linda Bentz of the Ventura County
Chinese American Historical Society, who wrote a 47-page journal last year
about the early Chinese here. Then, almost as quickly as they emerged, the
local Chinatowns faded away, vanished in the
annals of time. They were a secretive people and left behind little in the way
of records, diaries, keepsakes or photos.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">But bit by bit, a clearer
though still fragmented picture of these local Chinese pioneers is emerging —
cobbled together from a historical olio that includes ceramic shards excavated
in present-day downtown Ventura, a few family heirlooms still floating around
here and there, the discovery of Chinese fish camps at the Channel Islands, and
traces and hints in rare old interviews and newspaper articles.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">Much of this, and Bentz's
journal work, is included in the new exhibit "Hidden Voices: The Chinese
of Ventura County" that opens Saturday and continues through Nov. 25 at
the Museum of Ventura County in Ventura.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">Bentz's work, which took
10 years to complete, was published last year under the museum's auspices in
the Journal of Ventura County History.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">It was a reminder to the
staff "that we hadn't featured that part of our local history in a long
time," said the museum's Ariane Karakalos, who co-curated the exhibit with
Bentz.</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">"A lot of people
will be surprised that the city (as well as Oxnard)
had a Chinatown," Karakalos said. "A
lot of people aren't aware of that piece of local history."</span></div>
<div style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;">It is "super
interesting," she added, "to see how these people came here and were
so very different."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black;"><br />
<br />
Read more: <a href="http://www.vcstar.com/news/2012/aug/25/chinese-pioneers-of-ventura-county-subjects-of/#ixzz2ChcGbAQ0"><span style="color: #003399;">http://www.vcstar.com/news/2012/aug/25/chinese-pioneers-of-ventura-county-subjects-of/#ixzz2ChcGbAQ0</span></a>
<br />
- vcstar.com </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">A
THUMBNAIL TOUR</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
museum sports pieces of these people and their culture. A case will house what
Bentz called "brownware" — fragments of ceramic soy sauce jars,
dishes and the like, along with old coins.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">"It
has a lot of meaning, realizing that someone used these things 150 years
ago," Karakalos noted.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bentz
dug up a circa 1900 goods inventory from a Ventura Chinatown store as part of a
display on the importance role merchants played in those days. Among its items:
rice, brown sugar, pork, dried fish, vegetables, flour, black tea, cigars and
herbal medicines.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">One
centerpiece figures to be the 1910 wedding dress of Nellie Yee Chung, who was
born in Ventura in 1888 and was an early
resident of its Chinatown.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
hand-embroidered silk gown, adorned with decorative flowers and birds and
featuring a mix of pink, purple, green and charcoal black colors, is the thing
that will draw eyeballs in the exhibit room, Bentz predicted.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">"It's
fantastic," she said. "It's the original thing. It's just
gorgeous."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
dress is on loan from family descendants, Karakalos said, adding, "It's a
rare find."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Also
part of the exhibit is an abacus — Chinese shopkeepers didn't have cash
registers then. This one has wooden counting balls fashioned to resemble
pearls, Karakalos said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Another
unique item on view is a Chinese queue, a plait or ribbon of hair worn hanging
from the back of the head. Most Chinese men, the curators noted, cut their
queues after 1911 in the dying days of the old dynasties and the coming of the
Republic of China.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">More
cultural flavor will come from a contemporary lion costume on loan from Irene
Sy, the principal of a Chinese language school in Camarillo and vice president of the Ventura
County Chinese American Association.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
costume, Sy explained, is used when people perform the lion dance at events
such as weddings, the opening of a business and, of course, the biggest celebration,
the Chinese New Year.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
lion, she said, is an auspicious animal in Chinese culture and its meaning is
to bring peace, happiness and prosperity to the community.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Both
her group and a companion organization, the Conejo Chinese Cultural Association,
are part of the museum exhibit and also will participate in a Sept. 8 Chinese
Cultural Heritage Festival there.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
exhibit is an opportunity to "share our culture and our history" with
the community, Sy said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">"It's
very impressive, and it's important to recognize the minorities of Ventura County
and the contributions of immigrants to our society through history," said
Yingchun Wu, a Newbury
Park resident and
president of the Conejo Chinese group.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<br />
Read more: <a href="http://www.vcstar.com/news/2012/aug/25/chinese-pioneers-of-ventura-county-subjects-of/#ixzz2ChcS0ZCL"><span style="color: #003399;">http://www.vcstar.com/news/2012/aug/25/chinese-pioneers-of-ventura-county-subjects-of/#ixzz2ChcS0ZCL</span></a>
<br />
- vcstar.com </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">ROUGH
DAYS</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
late 1840s Gold Rush brought many thousands of Chinese to California,
which they called Gum Saan, translated as "Gold Mountain."
Chinese miners were robbed, driven from claims and subject to an 1852 foreign
miners' tax that eventually was imposed only on them, Bentz wrote in her 2011
journal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Around
the mid-19th century, the Chinese also came to Ventura. The Chinatown there initially was
along Figueroa Street
between Main and Santa Clara
streets.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">As in
California
and the nation, the Chinese presence drew opposition. In 1882, Congress passed
the Chinese Exclusion Act that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.
Ultimately, the law was extended all the way into the 1940s.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Elsewhere,
the first wave of Chinese Americans were hanged and banished; there were
lynchings in Los Angeles, and Chinatowns across the West were burned to the
ground, according to Jean Pfaelzer's 2007 book "Driven Out: The Forgotten
War Against Chinese Americans."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ventura</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"> County</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"> largely avoided such
large-scales skirmishes and tragedies, Bentz said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">But a
countywide Anti-Chinese League did form, and held weekly protest meetings at a
local hall. They thought the Chinese were "filthy" and at one point
tried to establish an American laundry because they didn't like the Chinese
doing that work, Bentz noted.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Local
papers joined the chorus. The Ventura Free Press, an ancestor of this paper,
stated in its Feb. 26, 1886 issue that "We are nothing these days if not
anti-Chinese." Another article on April 2 that year began bluntly:
"The Chinese must go."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">But
things here generally didn't turn violent, though an 1893 protest march through
the Chinatown on Figueroa Street reportedly was scary
enough that the Chinese thought they were going to be deported; they scattered
into their homes, barred the doors and turned off lights.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">In
another incident, an early local merchant named Ung Hing had to drive away a
mob beating on his door by threatening to shoot them with a pistol. But that,
Bentz said, "was about as rough as it got."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Through
all this, the local Chinese persevered. By the 1890s, Bentz wrote in the
journal, Figueroa Street
"was filled with the sights and sounds of a bustling ethnic
community." The Chinatown population was
thought to be around 200.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">There,
one could find mercantile businesses, employment firms, a barbershop,
residences, a kitchen and other buildings. Nellie Yee Chung, in a later
interview, described simple two-room houses in Chinatown
that were connected in the back. Residents there raised chickens and pigeons,
and some gardened. They built a shed to dry clothes.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">After
land around the San Buenaventura Mission was sold and developed in 1905, the
Chinese were driven from their homes. They relocated to a second Chinatown on the north side of Main Street from west of the mission to Ventura Avenue that
lasted until about 1920.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">OTHER
PURSUITS</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Oxnard</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">'s Chinatown rose almost as
quickly as did the town, which incorporated as a city in 1903, a mere five
years after a sugar beet factory was built there by the four brothers for whom
the city would be named. Many Chinese laborers moved to Oxnard to work in the beet fields.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">An
1899 article in the Oxnard Courier noted that the area did not have a Chinatown
as in Ventura and Los Angeles — but such an ethnic enclave soon
took hold.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Oxnard</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">'s Chinatown initially was
located on Saviers Road
(now Oxnard Boulevard)
between Fifth and Sixth streets, and later shifted to Saviers between Seventh
and Eighth streets, bounded by A
Street.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Like
the Ventura version, the Oxnard
one had a China alley
through the middle and its own fire brigade; some said the latter were
established after slow response times from existing local departments to blazes
in the Chinatowns.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">They
were also home to shadier activities. Both local Chinatowns had gambling halls
and opium establishments, and the Oxnard
one also had a saloon and "houses of ill repute." In the journal,
Bentz related an incident where Bartley Soo Hoo, of Oxnard's famed Soo Hoo
family, roller-skated in front of one of the brothels once during his childhood
and was admonished by one of the madams to keep quiet as "my girls are
asleep."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">In a
way, that type of behavior was understandable, Bentz said. Many of the Chinese
were far away from home living in a hostile society that disliked them and
tried to pass laws against them. So they turned to such things.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">"And
maybe sometimes they needed to smoke a little opium to make them feel better —
kind of like happy hour now," she said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Both
local Chinatowns also were home to the Bing
Kong tong, Bentz wrote. Tongs were fraternal groups in the tight-knit Chinatowns everywhere. Some were benevolent, helping
people there find housing and jobs, but others were involved in protection
rackets and criminal activities; the Bing Kong tong was suspected of the
latter.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">"We
don't have any evidence it was happening in these communities (Ventura
and Oxnard),
but that's what they were known for," Bentz said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">MOVING
ON</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
exhibit touches on the five people profiled in Bentz's journal. In addition to
Nellie Yee Chung, they include early Ventura Chinatown residents Minnie Soo Hoo
and merchant Tom Lim Yan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yan's
wide influence there lasted more than 30 years. In 1881, the Ventura Signal
dubbed him the "Boss Chinaman."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Merchants
tended to wield power in Chinatowns because
they were often the most educated and financially well off people there. They
often spoke English and assisted others with language translations, writing
letters and getting them sent home.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Thus,
their stores were gathering places and "a central element in the
community," Karakalos said. "They were pretty much the anchors of the
social fabric."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Merchants
also were exempt from exclusion laws, meaning they could travel to China and
return with family members.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
exhibit also touches on latter-day local Chinese residents such as Walton Jue,
whose Jue's Market was a Main Street mainstay in Ventura for years until the
family gave it up recently, and Bill Soo Hoo, who was elected mayor of Oxnard
in 1966, thus becoming the first mayor of Chinese descent in California
history.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Soo
Hoo's run for City Council and to make changes in Oxnard reportedly came after he bought a lot
on Deodar Street
but was told he couldn't live there, that it was for "Caucasians
only." The exhibit is to include one of Soo Hoo's gavels from a council
meeting.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
exhibit is augmented by photographs. Many of the early Chinese here are the
work of John Calvin Brewster, a chronicler of life in Ventura
County from his arrival in Ventura in the mid-1870s
to his death in 1909.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bentz's
work is hardly done. She co-authored a book with William Gow titled
"Hidden Lives: A Century of Chinese American History in Ventura County"
that they hope to have out during the exhibit's run.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">She
also just returned from Santa Rosa Island,
where she saw evidence of 14 Chinese camps where the men would spend three
months at a time harvesting abalone and the like.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">MODERN
TIMES</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Today,
the Chinese population in Ventura
County has shifted to the
east. Census numbers cited by Bentz show almost 10,400 people of Chinese
descent living in the county, up considerably from both the 2000 and 1990
censuses.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
biggest concentration of them, some several thousand, is in Thousand
Oaks and the Conejo
Valley, Wu said. Only a
few thousand live "below the grade," Sy noted.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
Chinese today are more likely to be doctors and health care professionals than
laborers. They are attracted by employers such as Amgen and Baxter Healthcare
Corp., Wu said. She'd know; she's a product quality coordinator at Baxter.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
Chinese school in Thousand Oaks,
Wu added, now has an enrollment of 650; some 30 years ago, she said, they
started with 15.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Today's
Chinese community leaders say they are grateful for and indebted to the early
pioneers who came here and endured hardships.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Or as
Bentz said: "They were an amazing people."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><a href="http://www.vcstar.com/privacy/">© 2012 Ventura County Star. All rights
reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or
redistributed.</a></span></i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <img border="0" height="1" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\GHOM~1.MAI\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image002.gif" width="1" /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
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Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-81710223738835515272012-11-15T07:15:00.000-08:002012-11-15T07:22:35.707-08:00Wilbur K. Woo dies at 96; a leader of L.A.'s Chinese community<br />
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<h2>
The banker and produce merchant worked to strengthen trade relations between the U.S. and Taiwan.<br />
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<a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-2012notables-gallery,0,1269713.photogallery" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" title="Photos: Notable deaths of 2012"><img alt="Wilbur K. Woo" border="0" height="525" src="http://www.trbimg.com/img-50a435d1/turbine/la-la-me-woo.obit.jpg-20121114/600" title="Wilbur K. Woo" width="392" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Wilbur K. Woo - 1915 to 2012</span></b></div>
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Wilbur K. Woo, a banker and
produce merchant who first immigrated to Los Angeles in 1921, when he
was 5, and decades later became an influential leader of the city's
Chinese-American community, has died. He was 96.
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<a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-wilbur-woo-20121115,0,1843129.story"> By Valerie J. Nelson, Los Angeles Times November 15, 2012 </a></div>
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Wilbur K. Woo, a banker and
produce merchant who first immigrated to Los Angeles in 1921, when he
was 5, and decades later became an influential leader of the city's
Chinese American community, has died. He was 96.<br />
Woo, who also
worked to strengthen trade relations between the U.S. and Taiwan, died
Monday at his home in Monterey Park of complications from a stroke and <a class="taxInlineTagLink" href="http://www.latimes.com/topic/health/diseases-illnesses/pneumonia-HEDAI0000061.topic" id="HEDAI0000061" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a>, his family said.<br />
His
son, Michael Woo, was the first Asian American elected to the Los
Angeles City Council, in 1985. The Democrat's largest campaign
contribution, nearly $200,000, had come from a Republican – the elder
Woo.<br />
"I find myself moving more
toward the center because of Michael," Wilbur Woo told The Times on
election night and said his son probably could not have won without his
generosity.<br />
"If I didn't give him that money, I'm not sure he
would have had a chance in this kind of race," Woo said, referring to
the hard-fought campaign. "I also think that is what a father is for."<br />
Woo's
political clout in Chinatown "afforded his son front-row seats at an
ongoing performance that included the major actors in Los Angeles city
politics" over a period of more than 30 years, Tritia Toyota wrote in
her 2009 book "Envisioning America: New Chinese Americans and the
Politics of Belonging."<br />
A longtime political fundraiser, Woo had been in charge of raising money for <a class="taxInlineTagLink" href="http://www.latimes.com/topic/politics/government/presidents-of-the-united-states/richard-nixon-PEHST000115.topic" id="PEHST000115" title="Richard Nixon">President Richard Nixon</a> in the city's Chinese community in 1972.<br />
In 1978, The Times called Woo "one of the leading citizens of Chinatown."<br />
At
the time, he owned Chungking Produce Co., a family business founded by
his father that endured for 40 years; served as chairman of the board of
the Chinese Times, a local newspaper with a national voice; sat on the
board of the Summit Western Corp., which developed the Mandarin Plaza
Shopping Center in Chinatown; and was president of the Chinese Chamber
of Commerce.<br />
He also was a vice president of Cathay Bank of Los
Angeles, the first bank in the United States owned by Chinese Americans.
Tired of rising early to work in the produce business, Woo turned
toward banking and joined the institution soon after friends founded it
in 1962, The Times reported in 1985.<br />
"With a knack for community
outreach, he played a central role in the bank's growth over the next
decade," according to a biography by the <a class="taxInlineTagLink" href="http://www.latimes.com/topic/education/colleges-universities/university-of-california-los-angeles-OREDU0000192268.topic" id="OREDU0000192268" title="University of California, Los Angeles">UCLA</a> Anderson School of Management. Woo and his wife, Beth, endowed the school's <a href="http://www.anderson.ucla.edu/wooconference.xml">Wilbur K. Woo Greater China Business Conference,</a> which is held annually to discuss China's role in the global economy.<br />
"I've
always felt I've been a sort of catalyst between the young and the old,
the traditional and the nontraditional. I've seen a lot of changes in
the Chinese community, and I think a lot of them have been for the
good," Woo said in 1978 in a Times article with the headline "The
Chinatown Tourists Don't See."<br />
Wilbur Kuotung Woo was born Dec.
12, 1915, in a village near Guangzhou in China's southern Guangdong
province. He arrived in Los Angeles as a 5-year-old with his parents,
David Kitman Woo and Gim Nuey Dea. His father, who worked for a relative
who owned an asparagus farm in the San Fernando Valley, moved the
family back to China during the Depression.<br />
When Woo returned to
Los Angeles in 1940, he was a refugee from the Japanese soldiers who had
invaded his homeland. He had left behind his wife, Beth, and two young
daughters, Patricia and Janice.<br />
During <a class="taxInlineTagLink" href="http://www.latimes.com/topic/unrest-conflicts-war/wars-interventions/world-war-ii-%281939-1945%29-EVHST00000110.topic" id="EVHST00000110" title="World War II (1939-1945)">World War II</a>,
Woo worked as a translator in the Office of Postal Censorship. After
the war, he earned a bachelor's degree in business administration at
UCLA. He had spent his first two undergraduate years in China at Lingnan
College.<br />
Life as a Chinese immigrant and foreign student was not easy, Woo later recalled.<br />
"At
UCLA, which is in Westwood, at that time I could not rent a room
because of the color of my skin," Woo said in 1996 in AsianWeek. "I had
to live in downtown Los Angeles and commuted to school every day."<br />
He
was not reunited with his wife until 1946, when the couple rebuilt
their marriage after a lengthy separation that "wasn't easy," Woo said.<br />
The
couple had three more children, Michael, who would spend eight years as
a councilman before giving up his seat to run for mayor, losing to <a class="taxInlineTagLink" href="http://www.latimes.com/topic/politics/richard-riordan-PEPLT007579.topic" id="PEPLT007579" title="Richard Riordan">Richard Riordan</a>
in a runoff in 1993; Elaine, who is a Times staff writer; and Pamela,
whom the couple refused to institutionalize when she was diagnosed with
Down syndrome.<br />
With his wife, children and parents, Woo moved into
a home in Monterey Park in 1962 and started receiving anonymous phone
calls threatening death if his Chinese American family did not leave the
neighborhood.<br />
After Woo called the police, officers were briefly
stationed at his home and neighborhood patrols were strengthened. The
harassment of the Woo family led to the formation of Monterey Park's
first Community Relations Commission, Woo said in a 1999 interview for
the book "Ethnoburb: The New Ethnic Community in America."<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">"I've always felt I've been a sort of catalyst between the young and the old, the traditional and the nontraditional" --Wilbur K. Woo</span></b><br />
<br />
His
wide range of business, political and cultural interests included
serving as founder and chairman of the California-Taiwan Trade and
Investment Council and president of the Chinese American Citizens
Alliance.<br />
He also was an overseas Chinese representative to the
Taiwan Legislature and a member of the Overseas Chinese Affairs
Commission, the California World Trade Commission and the California
Commission for Economic Development.<br />
In 1996, Woo became the first
Asian American to receive the Neil H. Jacoby International Award, given
by UCLA's International Student Center to an individual who has
endeavored to enhance relations with other nations and their respective
cultures.<br />
Charles Young, then UCLA's chancellor, said in a
statement in 1996: "I cannot think of anyone more deserving and who
better represents what this award is all about than Wilbur Woo."<br />
Woo's daughter Janice died in 2008.<br />
He
is survived by Beth, his wife of nearly 75 years; three daughters, Pat,
Elaine and Pam; son Mike; six grandchildren; and seven
great-grandchildren.<br />
A public memorial service is planned.<br />
<i><a href="mailto:valerie.nelson@latimes.com">valerie.nelson@latimes.com</a></i></div>
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Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-17594189577208098202012-11-13T16:34:00.000-08:002012-11-13T16:34:20.673-08:00JADE - THE ASIAN/AMERICAN IDENTITY Vol 1 #2<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-78232001359706042452012-11-13T14:34:00.000-08:002012-11-13T14:34:02.196-08:00<div class="mod-latarticlesarticleheader mod-articleheader" id="mod-article-header">
<h1 class="multi-line-title-1">
Chinese-Americans Explore Diverse Roots of Culture</h1>
</div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticlebyline mod-articlebyline" id="mod-article-byline">
<span class="separator"></span>PENELOPE McMILLAN | TIMES STAFF WRITER<br />
<span class="pubdate"><a href="http://articles.latimes.com/1992/aug/31">August 31, 1992</a></span><span class="separator">|</span> </div>
<div class="mod-latarticlessocialmedia mod-socialmedia" id="mod-sm-badge-top">
<a href="http://articles.latimes.com/1992-08-31/local/me-5885_1_chinese-immigrants">Los Angeles Time Article</a></div>
<div class="area" id="area-article-first-block">
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-first-para">
As
a Chinese-American actor in Los Angeles, Cy Wong has often been called
to audition for roles to portray Chinese only to find himself facing
producers astonished by his black skin and curly hair.<br />
"I say to them: 'You should have said you wanted a Chinese who resembles Chinese,' " Wong said.<br />
Wong
was among more than 200 people attending a conference on
Chinese-Americans at Cal State Los Angeles on Sunday, the first of its
kind in Southern California to explore the history and impact of the
country's largest Asian minority.</div>
</div>
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<img alt="" height="1" src="http://articles.latimes.com/images/pixel.gif" width="1" /></div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesadcpc mod-adcpc with-fourth-cpc" id="mod-ctr-lt-in-top">
While
the three-day gathering--sponsored by Cal State L.A., UCLA and the
Chinese Historical Society of Southern California--explored subjects
ranging from Chinese-American archeological finds to jazz, the
participants also discussed the many ways to define the term
Chinese-American.Wong, for example, is descended from a
Chinese great-grandfather who left China in 1867 to immigrate to
Louisiana, where he married a woman who was part American Indian and
part African-American. There were no Chinatowns in the American South
comparable to San Francisco or Los Angeles, so his family "lived the
life of black people," Wong said.</div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletextwithadcpc mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-after-first-para">
He is writing a book on his family and the little-known Chinese immigration to the South.<br />
"There
are many Chinese identities," said Russell Leong, of UCLA's Asian
American Studies Center who led a workshop on the subject. "We have here
first-, second- and third-generation (Chinese-Americans), people who
were born in Asia but not necessarily China, people from Hawaii."<br />
Attorney
Robert Kwan, a third-generation American who grew up in Los Angeles,
described the dilemma of being categorized as Chinese while
growing up in an Anglo neighborhood, but as American when he
visited Taiwan.<br />
"When you have no place, you have to figure out
about making a place of your own, define yourself," the 39-year-old
South Pasadena resident said. "I think that's why we're here at this
conference, to find a place of our own."<br />
Retired teacher Stanton
Mu, a Los Angeles native, said people often ask him where he is from. "I
say I'm an American, and they say, 'But what are you?' " the Glendale
resident said. "It gets me mad. Are they saying Americans are only
white? They force you back to 'Who am I?' "<br />
Organizers said they planned the conference to expand knowledge of the diverse Chinese immigrant history.<br />
"In
textbooks they mention that Chinese were working on the railroad or
doing laundry," said Stanton Mu's brother, Stanley, who coordinated the
event. He said papers presented by more than 50 scholars and researchers
from around the country dealt with Chinese-American business people,
church leaders and civil rights activists. Legal issues and the effects
of discrimination were also discussed.<br />
"We want to see more
reference material made available, so the stereotypes can be dispelled
without us carrying placards and screaming," Stanley Mu said.<br />
The conference also signals a greater recognition for Asian-American studies in the last five years, some participants said.<br />
"There's
been a resurgence among students, new faculty in ethnic studies, and a
whole body of young scholars coming up," said Stanford M. Lyman, who
taught the first course on Asian-American studies at UC Berkeley in 1957
and is now a professor in Florida.<br />
Discussing the pressures on
Chinese immigrants to assimilate into Anglo culture, UC Riverside
historian Paul Chace told how an annual dragon parade first staged by
Chinese immigrants in the Gold Rush town of Marysville 120 years ago
evolved.</div>
<div class="float" style="clear: both; height: 1px; line-height: 1px;">
<img alt="" height="1" src="http://articles.latimes.com/images/pixel.gif" width="1" /></div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletextwithadcpc mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-after-second-para">
The
early immigrants' efforts to encourage other ethnic groups to
participate worked so well that today Anglo Boy Scouts carry the
traditional gong and U.S. Air Force personnel from a nearby base propel
the dragon in the parade. The Chinese religious tradition on which the
parade was based is ignored, he said, adding that the parade is an
expression of inter-ethnic relations. "They use this ritual event as a time for harmony," he said. But
Loni Ding, who is making a film for public television on
Chinese-American history, said after Chace's lecture that she was uneasy
about accommodations that erase cultural expression. Accommodations
have "to be viewed in the context of inequality," she said. <br />
The
parade story reminded Ding of her childhood in an area of San Francisco
hostile to Chinese, when her parents made her deliver cakes as gifts to
the neighbors. "I understood it," she said. "We wanted to stay. We
wanted to bring goodwill. It's about getting along, fitting in where you
can."</div>
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Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-77614344719476298962012-11-13T14:02:00.000-08:002012-11-13T14:02:10.620-08:00Cy Wong, the Great-Grandson of a Chinese Immigrant<span class="archive-link"></span><br />
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East Meets South : Cy Wong, the Great-Grandson of a Chinese Immigrant, Traveled to Louisiana to Research His Colorful History</h1>
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<a href="http://articles.latimes.com/1993-09-26/news/ci-39070_1_chinese-pioneers">Los Angeles Times Article</a></h2>
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<span class="pubdate"><a href="http://articles.latimes.com/1993/sep/26">September 26, 1993</a></span><span class="separator"> </span><br />
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<i>Cy Wong, 55, is a former soap opera actor of African-American,
American-Indian and Chinese ancestry. The Mid-City resident has written a
manuscript about his family. Wong is on the board of the Chinese
Historical Society of Southern California and gives tours of Chinatown. He
was interviewed by <b>Gloria Lau.</b> </i></div>
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Growing
up, I was always curious where the surname Wong came from. Noting that
my great-grandfather's name was Phillip Wong, I began to research where
he came from when I took a biology course at Cal State Los Angeles and
had to do a family tree. What really motivated me was when the professor
said I was unique.<br />
My great-grandfather had come to Louisiana with 14 other Chinese from China and Hong Kong by way of Cuba on Jan. 15, 1867.</div>
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They
were the first Chinese pioneers to come directly to the South, rather
than coming from San Francisco like other Chinese. My great-grandfather
and the 14 others came to work as indentured agriculturists on the
plantations.<br />
They worked five to seven years, and once their
contract was up, they ventured out on their own. Some remained in
Louisiana; some went back to China or Hong Kong. My great-grandfather
and two of his first cousins remained in Louisiana, and they married
women of color.<br />
My great-grandfather's wife was Creole. My
grandfather married a black woman who was Choctaw Indian and black. My
father married my mother, whose ancestors were Chickasaw Indian and
black.<br />
It was in 1971 that I really started thinking about
working on a book. In 1981, I left "The Young and the Restless" to work
on a book about my family. I began my research, spending my own money,
venturing to Louisiana and the National Archives in Washington and to
Fort Worth to do research on the Chinese.<br />
I first went to
Louisiana to check some of the records, the names of some of the people,
the landowners, marriage records. Most of the Chinese who came to the
South at that time joined the Baptist Church because it was very close
to the disciplines in China.<br />
The Frenchman who brought my
great-grandfather to the United States stated in some writings that he
brought those Chinese men to the country because he considered them
smart and frugal workers.<br />
And he wanted to test an 1862 law that
prohibited the importation of Asiatic people into the South for the sole
purposes of working on the plantations. The fear was that a new group
of people would be enslaved. For six months, Chinese on foreign vessels
were allowed into the South, then their immigration was stopped.<br />
I
found this information in the New Orleans Times and the New Orleans
Bee. The reporters were there on the day my great-grandfather arrived
and had found out that the Chinese were to work on the plantations.<br />
My
great-grandfather was described as looking like the Negro, with
straight hair like the Indians'. He wasn't a Negro and he wasn't an
Indian, but that's what the New Orleans reporter said.<br />
Most of my
information was gotten through interviews with cousins and friends of
the family who were in their 90s, who knew the Chinese when they lived
in northern Louisiana.</div>
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These
relatives recalled that the first Sunday they saw these Chinese, the
newcomers were riding horses. And they were amazed that these little
people were riding horses. I understand my great-grandfather was about 5
feet, 11 inches but my grandfather was only about 5-8. Folks couldn't
understand how these "strange-looking people" could ride horses as well
as they did. They were great horsemen.<br />
My great-grandfather died in 1909; his wife had died three years earlier.<br />
It's
very gratifying to know that I'm a part of a heritage of a people who
had something to do with the building of this country.<br />
The only
thing ever said in most history books about the Chinese in this country
is that they had something to do with building the railroads. But the
Chinese did more: The Chinese had quite a bit to do with agriculture in
California. It was a Chinese man who sent the first vegetables from
California to New York on a train.<br />
I was able to dig and give a
little credit to these people, credit not given in the past. That's what
pushed me to do the research and the writing.<br />
The title came to
me in a dream around 2:20 one morning and I got up and wrote it on
paper: "The Cross-Over." Here we have a people who crossed over bodies
of water, people who crossed over the vicissitudes of life, people who
crossed over mountains--and here I am, a fourth-generation descendant of
a pioneer Chinese.<br />
From time to time, I have had to deal with
prejudices, especially from some African-Americans. They'll say, "Well,
you may look a little Chinese, but you're still black." I'm not denying
that my pigmentation is dark, but the true color of a man is what's on
the inside.<br />
The manuscript has affected my life by giving me a
great feeling toward the Chinese people--as though I've known them over
the years. And I know now I've come from a good rock. A solid rock.</div>
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Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-57242425667181351182012-11-13T12:17:00.000-08:002012-11-13T12:17:19.601-08:00JADE - THE ASIAN/AMERICAN IDENTITY Vol 1 #1<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Volume 1 Number 1 1974<br />
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<br />Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-14082957544964461622012-10-23T08:57:00.000-07:002012-10-23T08:57:05.774-07:00Jade Magazine 1973 to 1978 <iframe height="480" src="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bzy-bmUObCxwV29GczZhd3k2c3M/preview" width="640"></iframe><br />
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<br />Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-65301100151291117792012-10-08T15:29:00.002-07:002012-10-08T15:29:37.286-07:00<div class="node-title-wrapper">
<h1 class="entry-title entry-title">
Congresswoman Judy Chu honors WWII Chinese-American B-17 veteran </h1>
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<li class="primary-tag first"><a href="http://www.examiner.com/topic/world-war-ii-veteran">World War II veteran</a></li>
<li class="created" content="2012-10-06T09:10:23-06:00">October 6, 2012</li>
<li class="author">By: <a href="http://www.examiner.com/la-in-los-angeles/ella-batalon">Ella Batalon</a></li>
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Article from <a href="http://www.examiner.com/">http://www.examiner.com/ </a> <a href="http://www.examiner.com/article/congresswoman-judy-chu-honors-wwii-chinese-american-b-17-veteran">http://www.examiner.com/article/congresswoman-judy-chu-honors-wwii-chinese-american-b-17-veteran</a><a href="http://www.examiner.com/article/congresswoman-judy-chu-honors-wwii-chinese-american-b-17-veteran">http://www.examiner.com/article/congresswoman-judy-chu-honors-wwii-chinese-american-b-17-veteran</a></h3>
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<a class="image image-style-thumbnail" href="http://www.examiner.com/slideshow/ceremony-honoring-wwii-veteran-1st-lt-victor-b-schoon"><img alt="Congresswoman Judy Chu honoring WWII Veteran 1st Lt. Victor B. Schoon." height="34" src="http://cdn2-b.examiner.com/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/hash/4a/82/4a828d47a946f692da08fd33d429e14e.jpg" title="Congresswoman Judy Chu honoring WWII Veteran 1st Lt. Victor B. Schoon." width="60" /></a><a class="image image-style-thumbnail" href="http://www.examiner.com/slideshow/ceremony-honoring-wwii-veteran-1st-lt-victor-b-schoon"><img alt="L-R: Lt. Commander Barry Lu, Peter Chen, Richard Schoon, Congresswoman Judy Chu, Andra Lew, Joanna Schoon-Konno, Commander Fong." height="40" src="http://cdn2-b.examiner.com/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/hash/92/9a/929abcc8fbcf04d07870af81ba9733cf.jpg" title="L-R: Lt. Commander Barry Lu, Peter Chen, Richard Schoon, Congresswoman Judy Chu, Andra Lew, Joanna Schoon-Konno, Commander Fong." width="60" /></a><a class="image image-style-thumbnail" href="http://www.examiner.com/slideshow/ceremony-honoring-wwii-veteran-1st-lt-victor-b-schoon"><img alt="Richard Schoon stands next to his brother's photo." height="34" src="http://cdn2-b.examiner.com/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/hash/07/e3/07e3b5117e84e24e4fbed6852ccee0aa.jpg" title="Richard Schoon stands next to his brother's photo." width="60" /></a><a class="slideshow-count" href="http://www.examiner.com/slideshow/ceremony-honoring-wwii-veteran-1st-lt-victor-b-schoon">12 photos</a><a class="read-more" href="http://www.examiner.com/slideshow/ceremony-honoring-wwii-veteran-1st-lt-victor-b-schoon">View the full slideshow »</a></div>
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<a class="image image-style-image-content-width" href="http://www.examiner.com/slideshow/ceremony-honoring-wwii-veteran-1st-lt-victor-b-schoon"><img alt="L-R: Richard Schoon, Congresswoman Judy Chu, Andra Lew and her sister Joanna Schoon-Konno accepting the American flag and Congressional Record." height="350" src="http://cdn2-b.examiner.com/sites/default/files/styles/image_content_width/hash/b5/9b/b59b54658f1a5fb81381b853cf60e3ae.jpg" title="L-R: Richard Schoon, Congresswoman Judy Chu, Andra Lew and her sister Joanna Schoon-Konno accepting the American flag and Congressional Record." width="420" /></a> </div>
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Congresswoman Judy Chu of the 32nd District, hosted a special
ceremony on Friday, October 5, at her El Monte district office to honor
the late <a class="inline_link" href="http://www.examiner.com/topic/world-war-ii-veteran">World War II Veteran</a>, First Lieutenant Victor Bill Schoon in recognition of his military service to his country as a B-17 combat <a class="inline_link" href="http://www.examiner.com/topic/pilot">pilot</a>.<br />
1st Lt. Schoon passed away on Tuesday, September 25, in San Diego at the age of 93. <br />
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<a class="embed-slideshow-link" href="http://www.examiner.com/slideshow/ceremony-honoring-wwii-veteran-1st-lt-victor-b-schoon">Ceremony honoring WWII Veteran 1st Lt. Victor B. Schoon</a></div>
His eldest daughter Andra Lew, a San Diego resident accepted the
honor on his behalf as Congresswoman Chu presented the American flag and
the Congressional Record honoring the <a class="inline_link" href="http://www.examiner.com/topic/world-war-ii">World War II</a> <a class="inline_link" href="http://www.examiner.com/topic/veteran">Veteran</a>, Aviator and Patriot. <br />
Immediate family members and military service members were in
attendance to witness the ceremony, including 83 year old Richard
Schoon, the youngest of the six brothers and the last surviving brother.<br />
<strong>First Lieutenant Victor B. Schoon</strong><br />Born on April 6, 1919, the fifth child in a family of nine children and third generation <a class="inline_link" href="http://www.examiner.com/topic/chineseamerican/articles">Chinese-American</a>,
Schoon enlisted in the Army Air Corps in 1943, during a time when
Chinese-Americans could not vote, could not immigrate to the United
States and become citizens.<br />
Despite the prejudice and discrimination, within two years of his
enlistment Schoon became First Lieutenant, piloting his own B-17 over
Europe during World War II, showing true patriotism to his country.<br />
Stationed with the 340th Bomb Squadron, 97th bomb Group based in
Foggia, Italy from 1944 to 1945—1st Lt. Schoon flew 50 successful combat
missions. <br />
15 more missions than the 35 missions many pilots flew at that time,
bringing all nine of his crew members home safely, contributing to the
Allies' defeat of the Axis powers and the end of the war.<br />
"He enlisted not knowing that his B-17 bomber would be struck in those turbulent skies", says Congresswoman Chu.<br />
"That he would pilot that crippled plane all the way back to England,
that he would successfully land it, not on some smooth runway, but on a
rugged field, and that he would keep every member of his crew alive
throughout the ordeal. In fact, there weren't even injuries.<br />
"But that's not all he couldn't have known at the time. He didn't
know that a fire would rip through the Army's archives, destroying their
records of his service and denying him the 'Distinguished Flying Cross
Medal' he so clearly deserved."<br />
For his efforts, Lt. Schoon was rewarded with the European, African
and Middle Eastern Theater Service Medal, an Air Medal with 2-Oak Leaf
Clusters, and a Distinguished Unit Badge.<br />
It has been noted that two Chinese-American B-17 navigators received their 'Distinguished Flying Crosses'. So why not Victor?<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXq_kFvel7rcgIJiOGEOBxDCV-HGnl7i2VdqjZXR6Osu7b9TgR60W9QPcMq1m7ct33HWamQbDyEEZH9R8Cfon6z0ovcKYDEPia6_PgDeTradLQegho_MI6kARI8aYc4Wc0oYl0jAjyAEU/s1600/Schoon.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXq_kFvel7rcgIJiOGEOBxDCV-HGnl7i2VdqjZXR6Osu7b9TgR60W9QPcMq1m7ct33HWamQbDyEEZH9R8Cfon6z0ovcKYDEPia6_PgDeTradLQegho_MI6kARI8aYc4Wc0oYl0jAjyAEU/s320/Schoon.JPG" width="238" /></a>Andra Lew with the help of Commander Fong , Peter Chen - President of
the Monterey Park Democratic Club, and Congresswoman Judy Chu have been
trying to secure Lt. Schoon's final and most prestigious medal when he
died last month at the age of 93.<br />
The effort to rightly deliver the 'Distinguished Flying Cross' is
on-going and will be pursued with Congresswoman Chu returning to
Washington D. C. once it is back in session. <br />
She will submit the Congressional Record to Congress and it will be
entered into the record, forever in the archives of Washington D. C. at
the U. S. Capitol.<br />
Special Thanks to: Congresswoman Judy Chu, Becky Cheng, Andra Lew, Commander Fong, Peter Chen and the entire Schoon family.<br />
Visit the <strong>Chinese Historical Society of Southern California</strong> - to see photo of Lt. Schoon in his B-17 plane - <a href="http://www.chssc.org/history/ww2photos.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.chssc.org/history/ww2photos.html</a><br />
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<a class="ocmap ocm-name" href="http://www.examiner.com/la-in-los-angeles/ella-batalon" rel="author">Ella Batalon</a>,
<strong class="author-title">LA Photojournalist Examiner</strong>
</h3>
Ella Batalon is a Southern California freelance photojournalist
in the Los Angeles and Long Beach areas. She is a regular attendee at
various charity, cultural and red carpet events with a vast interest in
pop-culture, ethnic diversities and community affairs. Ella enjoys reporting events and the impact it has on local communities
in the L.A. basin and surrounding areas as her contribution to inspire,
enlighten, educate and entertain.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-80160630985289412382012-10-02T08:10:00.000-07:002012-10-02T08:10:30.598-07:00Los Angeles’ Three Chinese Sisters<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Los
Angeles</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">’ Three Chinese Sisters</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">by Susie Ling </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Like sisters, they look
alike and are confused for one another.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>But in actuality, each has its own personality and character although
they obviously belong to the same family.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The Chinese Historical
Society of Southern California (<a href="http://www.chssc.org/">www.chssc.org</a>)
is the oldest of the three.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A grassroots
membership organization, its focus is more on programs and activities.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This organization coordinates monthly
lectures, fieldtrips, and Chinatown tours.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They also have proudly published several
seminal books.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>CHSSC coordinates an
historical and archeological Archives
Center and a Chinese
American Studies scholarship program.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The most sociable of the
three sisters is probably the Chinatown Branch Library.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Part of the Los Angeles City Library, the
Chinatown Branch has a special Chinese Heritage Collection which houses one of
the largest collection of Chinese and Chinese American books accessible to the
public.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It also houses a large
collection of Chinese American titles for children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This library has an especially active Friends
group (<a href="http://www.friendsocl.org/">www.friendsocl.org</a>) which also
does fundraising, programs, and projects.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The youngest sister the most
physically flamboyant:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Los
Angeles’ Chinese
American Museum
(<a href="http://www.camla.org/">www.camla.org</a>).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Located in the historical Garnier Building of
El Pueblo Monument, the Museum has permanent and special exhibits of history,
art, and culture.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Each of the three sisters
worries about aging.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We all want to
attract younger active participants.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We
especially welcome university and graduate students.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Chinese American community needs younger
leaders and activists to continue the tradition of giving back to the
community.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The three sisters work
together, share members, and share values of community service and ethnic
pride.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We are joined by dozens of
cousins and other like-minded groups and organizations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-30799480190688958812012-09-24T16:01:00.000-07:002012-09-24T16:01:03.755-07:00Los Angeles Times Articles<div class="mod-latarticlesarticleheader mod-articleheader mod-articleheader-with-kicker" id="mod-article-header">
<h1 class="multi-line-title-1">
<img alt="latimes.com" src="http://www.latimes.com/images/logo.png" /> </h1>
<h1 class="multi-line-title-1">
<span class="archive-link"></span></h1>
<div class="area" id="area-center-w-left">
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticleheader mod-articleheader" id="mod-article-header">
<h1 class="multi-line-title-1">
Chinese laborers finally rest in peace</h1>
</div>
<div class="mod-articlesubtitle" id="mod-article-subtitle">
<h2>
Those
whose bodies were excavated during construction of the Metro Gold
Line's Eastside extension and then reinterred at a nearby cemetery in
Boyle Heights are honored with a memorial wall and garden.</h2>
</div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticlebyline mod-articlebyline" id="mod-article-byline">
<span class="pubdate"><a href="http://articles.latimes.com/2010/sep/05">September 05, 2010</a></span><span class="separator">|</span><span>By Julie Cart, Los Angeles Times</span></div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticlebyline mod-articlebyline" id="mod-article-byline">
<span> </span></div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticlebyline mod-articlebyline" id="mod-article-byline">
<span> An unsavory chapter of local history was closed Saturday with the
dedication of a memorial wall and meditation garden to honor the Chinese
laborers and others whose forgotten graves were excavated during
construction of the Metro Gold Line's Eastside extension</span></div>
<div class="area" id="area-article-first-block">
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-first-para">
The
somber ceremony included a traditional Chinese blessing and multifaith
prayers for the recently reinterred remains of people who had been
buried in a potter's field adjacent to Evergreen Cemetery in Boyle
Heights.</div>
</div>
<div class="float" style="clear: both; height: 1px; line-height: 1px;">
<img alt="" height="1" src="http://articles.latimes.com/images/pixel.gif" width="1" /></div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesadcpc mod-adcpc with-fourth-cpc" id="mod-ctr-lt-in-top">
<div class="medium_rectangle medium_rectangle2 " style="background-color: #;">
After years of sometimes tense negotiations involving the Metropolitan
Transportation Authority and Los Angeles County, the remains were moved
to a burial site in the cemetery near an existing Chinese shrine.</div>
</div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletextwithadcpc mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-after-first-para">
A curving, low-slung commemorative wall was dedicated Saturday, finally
ending the relocation saga of the ancestors of many in the local
Chinese American community.<br />
Gordon Hom, president of the Chinese
Historical Society of Southern California, said the ceremony provided
some closure on painful reminders of a time when family members had few
civil rights.<br />
"There has been discrimination," Hom said. "But
instead of harping on it, we've tried to prove people wrong. The same
for this situation. It's taken time, but it's been resolved."<br />
More than five years ago, the MTA discovered 174 burial sites with
remains of what were indigent Angelenos and Chinese workers. The
ethnicity of the laborers was determined through forensic analysis and a
trove of artifacts buried with them, including coins, buttons, jade and
porcelain.<br />
The historic items were the subject of some
disagreement in the Chinese American community. Older people wanted to
honor the tradition of including money, a teapot or rice bowl in the
grave with their loved one. The sentiment among the younger generation
was that the objects were invaluable because of their history and for
educational purposes.<br />
According to Daisy Ma, president of the
Chinese American Citizens Alliance — who buried her father's beloved
mah-jongg set with him — the matter was settled by the MTA, which placed
the artifacts in the recently dug graves.<br />
She too doesn't dwell on the frustration of how her ancestors were treated.<br />
"Life is too short to carry that around," she said. "At least we got them off the streets and out of potter's field."<br />
The burial site has one piece of unfinished business: The gravestones
for some of the plots have not been put in place because of a mix-up
with carving the Chinese characters.<br />
No big deal, Ma said. "I turn it around and see the positive: We're finally in there."</div>
</div>
<h1 class="multi-line-title-1">
CHINATOWN : Part of L.A. History May Find a Home </h1>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticlebyline mod-articlebyline" id="mod-article-byline">
<span class="pubdate"><a href="http://articles.latimes.com/1994/sep/18">September 18, 1994</a></span><span class="separator"> |</span><span>TOMMY LI </span></div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticlebyline mod-articlebyline" id="mod-article-byline">
<span><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="area" id="area-article-first-block">
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-first-para">
A
Chinese historical group plans to purchase and restore two Victorian
houses as part of a nearly $2-million project to develop what could
become Chinatown's first heritage and visitors center.<br />
"This can
be seen as one part of the overall concept of developing cultural
resources in Chinatown," said Eugene Moy, building committee chairman
for the Chinese Historical Society of Southern California. "There's a
need for smaller and quality (cultural) facilities."</div>
</div>
<div class="float" style="clear: both; height: 1px; line-height: 1px;">
<img alt="" height="1" src="http://articles.latimes.com/images/pixel.gif" width="1" /></div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesadcpc mod-adcpc with-fourth-cpc" id="mod-ctr-lt-in-top">
The
nearly 20-year-old historical society recently opened escrow on the
houses at 411 and 415 Bernard St., at the northern end of Chinatown near
the Pasadena Freeway.</div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletextwithadcpc mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-after-first-para">
To finalize the $375,000 purchase, the
group needs to raise $18,750 by November to make the first payment on
the 10,000-square-foot property, Moy said. The houses are on adjoining
lots; one is vacant and the other is leased by a property management
firm.<br />
The society has developed a three- to five-year plan for the
project, estimated to cost between $1.5 million and $1.9 million. After
restoring and seismically upgrading the two wood-framed buildings,
society members want to open the house at 411 Bernard St. as a heritage
and visitors center, he said.<br />
Built in 1886 by French immigrant
Philipp Fritz, the house would reflect Chinese history in Los Angeles as
well as the Latino, Italian, French, Croatian and African American
ethnic mix that once populated Chinatown, Moy said. One room would be
dedicated to the Fritz family; the immigrant's daughter Louise M.
Whiting lived in the home from 1892 until her death in 1992, and the
family still owns the property.<br />
That building would also become
the permanent site for the Chinese Historical Society, which now leases
space in the Phoenix Bakery building in Chinatown, Moy said.<br />
Once open, the center could establish a renewed interest in Chinatown and boost its economy, society members said.<br />
"This is going to be an information center for our educational purposes," society President Irvin Lai said.<br />
The
society plans to lease the second house, built in 1892, and would like
to see it turned into a bookstore and coffee shop. The final phase of
the project would entail construction behind both houses of a
three-story, 6,000-square-foot building for cultural education classes,
Moy and Lai said.<br />
A courtyard between the new structure and the
two Victorian houses would include some kind of artwork to recognize
early Chinatown pioneers, they said.<br />
The society hopes to help finance the project by expanding its fund-raising efforts beyond the Chinese community.<br />
"The
significance of this location goes beyond Chinese history," Moy said.
"It really goes into Los Angeles history. So we hope to bring in the
general public of Los Angeles."<br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>
BOYLE HEIGHTS : Group Works to Save Chinese Shrine</h2>
<div class="area" id="area-center-w-left">
<div class="area" id="area-article-first-block">
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-first-para">
<span class="pubdate"><a href="http://articles.latimes.com/1993/sep/19">September 19, 1993</a></span><span class="separator">|</span><span> MARY ANNE PEREZ</span><br />
<br />
Every
time Randall Bloch visits the corner of Evergreen Cemetery where a
historic Chinese cemetery shrine stands, he becomes more discouraged. <br />
The
shrine, twin furnaces and the remains of a stone altar built to honor
the dead and send them on to the next world, was built in 1888. The
cemetery's owners were going to bulldoze it to make way for new graves
when Bloch learned of the plan and notified the Chinese Historical
Society of Southern California.</div>
</div>
<div class="float" style="clear: both; height: 1px; line-height: 1px;">
<img alt="" height="1" src="http://articles.latimes.com/images/pixel.gif" width="1" /></div>
<div class="mod-latarticlesarticletextwithadcpc mod-latarticlesarticletext mod-articletext" id="mod-a-body-after-first-para">
The
society persuaded the city in 1990 to designate the site as a
historical monument, protecting it for one year. Last year, the society
bought the site and 42 surrounding graves for $14,000, half of owner S.
F. Montgomery's original asking price.<br />
But the toughest task of
preserving the monument may lie ahead. The society is raising money to
protect the shrine with a retaining wall, preserve what is left of it
and then restore it.<br />
"I'm very concerned that the monument
continues to deteriorate," Bloch told the city's Cultural Arts Planning
Commission in a meeting Wednesday at the Boyle Heights Senior Citizens
Center. "I'm concerned that every time I go out there, I notice a little
more crumbling of the monument and a little more graffiti and beer
bottles."<br />
Bloch had come to the meeting with other members of the
historical society to plead for money for the preservation project, but
commission members said they had none to give.<br />
The society has raised $7,000 in private donations and estimates the work will cost $45,000 to $50,000.<br />
The
shrine has not been used for ceremonial purposes since 1965, but held a
sacred significance to the city's Chinese community when it was built,
said Irvin Lai, a member of the historical society board of directors
and past national president of the Chinese-American Citizens Alliance.<br />
The
80-acre Evergreen Cemetery was founded in 1877 and contains the graves
of naturalist John Muir and Biddy Mason, a slave who was freed in
California and is one of founders of Los Angeles' First African
Methodist Episcopal Church. The section that contains the shrine was
used to bury indigents: Chinese-Americans were charged $10; everyone
else was buried free.<br />
In a ceremony that dates back centuries,
relatives and friends of the deceased would burn incense and offer
roasted pig, chicken, Chinese tea cakes and other food and wine on the
altar to the spirits.<br />
"They opened the (furnace) door and burned
paper money and burned their clothing and a paper television or a paper
car," Lai said.<br />
After the ceremony, the family would eat the food.
Every year, they would return on a special day to clean the grave site,
plant flowers and remember their loved ones.<br />
The shrine is
significant because it is the earliest evidence of a Chinese community
in Los Angeles, said Sue Ellen Cheng, curator of El Pueblo Historic
Monument, which has plans for a Museum of Chinese American History at
the Garnier Building on Olvera Street.</div>
<div class="mod-adcpc" id="mod-a-body-after-first-para-ad-cpc">
</div>
</div>
</div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-75423560147564295752012-08-16T15:45:00.000-07:002012-08-16T15:45:18.791-07:00Tommy Yee Obituary
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">Lung Yee </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Obituary</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBXjTsou9M0fgXgzkGpn2HQ7QTM_RQuLehcF2h9Wb-H5-r-1emG5xWj-5oiHendIZvddFCzt3OTv8bf5_6fckq6IYJoQfqPz_pAsWY3YLk6BXJwzp4DYSUHdPFBQs-aQPHIpkcGnsCua8/s1600/untitledTommy+Yee.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBXjTsou9M0fgXgzkGpn2HQ7QTM_RQuLehcF2h9Wb-H5-r-1emG5xWj-5oiHendIZvddFCzt3OTv8bf5_6fckq6IYJoQfqPz_pAsWY3YLk6BXJwzp4DYSUHdPFBQs-aQPHIpkcGnsCua8/s1600/untitledTommy+Yee.bmp" /></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 10.5pt;">Lung Gow Yee August 28,
1928 - August 4, 2012 Lung or "Tommy" was born in Hoiping located in
the Toishan region of Southern China. It was
there where he developed his enduring strong work ethic and a life long love of
sports. As a child, he would work alongside his parents, Fong Yit Hong and Wing
Tong, cultivating rice on their plot of land. The waterways of the Pearl Delta
provided many opportunities for him to become an avid swimmer and participate
in dragon boat races. The family would briefly move to Shanghai. With his father serving in the US <a href="http://www.legacy.com/memorial-sites/army/?personid=159061142&affiliateID=91" target="_blank" title="Visit Army Memorial Site to see similar profiles"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Army</span></a> during <a href="http://www.legacy.com/memorial-sites/ww2/?personid=159061142&affiliateID=91" target="_blank" title="Visit WWII Memorial Site to see similar profiles"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">World War II</span></a>, the family moved to
the United States.
They would call San Francisco their new home
where Lung graduated from Galileo
High School. Soon
thereafter, he followed his father?s footsteps and joined the US Army. He
served in the military for three years and was primarily based in Japan. During
leaves, he would often take trips to Hong Kong.
It was in Hong Kong where he met his wife
Nancy, who he married. The two of them adored each other and went on to spend
58 happy years together. After his tour of duty, Lung returned to America with his bride to help his parents and
brother, Everett, establish a laundry business in Santa Cruz. It was there that the ever-loving
couple began their own family and welcomed their first child and daughter,
Emma, into their arms. The three of them would later move to Los Angeles, where they created a loving and
supporting home for the next 55 years. The family continued to grow in Los Angeles. Lung and Nancy were blessed with
three more children: Victor, Annie and Timmy. Lung would also start a new career
as a restaurateur in Los Angeles.
He was a well known waiter working at the Man Fook Low restaurant. Lung took
his years of restaurant experience and opened his own restaurant in Encino
called, House of Yee. Always looking for more challenging ventures, he decided
upon a career change and opened Sunshine Printing for over 30 years, a
successful printing and stationery store that included the first US Post Office
within Chinatown. After years of working, Lung
decided to retire and spend more time with his family especially with his
grandchildren, Michelle and Michael. Lung planned daily outings to bring the
family together. These outings included going to the movies, sharing his love
of the Cantonese opera or simply having the family get together for a meal. He
also wanted to spend more time pursuing his interests in sports and travel. He
loved the San Francisco Giants and 49ers and watched as many games as possible.
He also watched the games in person by visiting San Francisco often. When his teams made it
to the championships, he was there too. He went to see two Superbowls. He also
loved to travel throughout the world. He took his family on trips to Hawaii, Guam, Hong Kong, Okinawa, Taipei,
Macau, Tokyo and Beijing. As much as Lung enjoyed traveling to
exotic places, some of his favorite journeys were the simple road trips around
America in the family station wagon, especially when going back to visit Santa
Cruz. He loved being around his family and these trips are some of the fondest
memories they have of Lung, a loving Husband, Father and Grandfather. He went
on his final trip and is at his destination right now. He is in heaven where he
is probably swimming the rivers of Toishan, with his parents proudly watching
him speed along the waterways. Lung is survived by his loving wife Nancy;
children Emma, Victor, Annie (Stanford) and Timmy; grandchildren Michelle
(David) and Michael; brother Everett (Lane). There will be a viewing on
Saturday August 11, 2012 3:00PM-5:00PM and a service will be on Sunday August
12, 2012 2:00PM at Universal Chung Wah Mortuary, 225 N. Garfield Avenue, Alhambra
CA 91801.
Lung was loved by all who knew him. We will miss him dearly.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: red;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 10.5pt;">Published in the Los Angeles Times from
August 10 to August 11, 2012 </span></div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-59962124431645977152012-08-13T10:41:00.000-07:002012-08-13T10:41:35.201-07:00Moon Fun Chin - Flying Tigers<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/O9woEFPNgnM" width="560"></iframe><br />
<br />
<h1 class="entry-title">
<a href="http://www.asianweek.com/2009/07/13/chinese-american-hero-moon-fun-chin/" rel="bookmark">Chinese American Hero: Moon Fun Chin</a></h1>
<div class="entry-info">
<span class="entry-author">By <address class="author vcard">
AsianWeek Staff</address>
</span> – <abbr class="published" title="2009-07-13T11:08:42+00:00">July 13, 2009</abbr><span class="entry-cat"><strong>Posted in: </strong><a href="http://www.asianweek.com/category/feature/chinese-american-heroes/">Chinese American Heroes</a>, <a href="http://www.asianweek.com/category/feature/features/">Features</a></span></div>
<a href="http://www.asianweek.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/chinese-american-heroes-banner2.png" rel="lightbox[pics11005]" title="chinese-american-heroes-banner2"><img alt="chinese-american-heroes-banner2" class="attachment wp-att-11006 alignleft" height="19" src="http://www.asianweek.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/chinese-american-heroes-banner2.png" width="150" /></a><br />
<span id="more-11034"></span>
We lead off with another unheralded and virtually unknown hero who
had undertaken many dangerous missions and along the way saved many
lives. He is 95 year old Captain Moon Chin who is not a military
officer, but was an airlines Captain who began flying when he was 20
years old left the US to join the Chinese National Aviation Corporation
(CNAV), a subsidiary of Pan American Airlines which then was taken over
by the Chinese Nationalist Air Force in partnership with the US
government. Chin rescued many US Army Air Corps personnel, US Air Force
air crews, and hundreds of civilians fleeing the Japanese military
advances in China and throughout SE Asia. In 1942, he air evacuated Lt
Colonel James Doolittle (which enabled Colonel Doolittle to eventually
become General [4 star] Doolittle) who had just bombed Tokyo and was
being ferociously pursued by an angry Japanese ground forces. Chin flew
Doolittle to safety in Calcutta. There were many American and a few
Canadian pilots who joined CNAV to help the war effort against the
Japanese invaders, but Capt Chin was the only volunteer pilot who flew
from 1933 until the end of WW II. He personally mapped the Himalayas
(the so called ‘Hump’) which had to be used to transport fuel and
supplies to the resistance as the Japanese had cut off all other
logistics routes. Be sure to read his bio for other heroic stories
about Capt Moon Chin and how he was credited with military service even
though was never in the military.<br />
Following Capt Chin, we have another unheralded heroic veteran, US
Air Force Colonel Richard F. Hum, who served three wars, WWII, the
Korean War and Vietnam. Hum’s major contribution was actually during
the Cuban missile crisis in 1962 when he personally briefed then
President John F. Kennedy on the significance of the surveillance
photographs taken from U-2 and other platforms which revealed the
Russian ICBMs and ground support equipment that had been installed in
Cuba and a real military threat to the national security of America. In
his military career, Colonel Hum received 5 Legions of Merit awards, an
extraordinary achievement and unmatched at the time.<br />
Next, we have another unknown and forgotten hero, Major Arthur Chin
(a colleague, but not a relative of Capt Moon Chin), who was also a
volunteer to left the safety of Portland, Oregon, to become a fighter
pilot hunting for Japanese Zeroes. He found a few, and shot down eight
(8) Japanese fighters, becoming the first American Ace, but this was
before Pearl Harbor, and the US had not officially started fighting
Japan, so his heroic battle achievements are absent from US military
records. Chin suffered severe burns over much of his anatomy after a
crash landing and had a difficult life after the war.<br />
Our next heroic veteran has been introduced before but that was
because of his civilian service as the first Chinese American judge.
Judge Delbert Wong, before his civil service, was a World War II
navigator on B-17 bombers who flew 30 bombing missions into German
territory. In his class of 30 navigators, only two survived their high
risk bombing missions.<br />
Our last hero for this week was also introduced before, and she is
Ms. Heidi Shyu who was appointed Chief, United States Air Force
Scientific Advisory Board, reporting directly to the US Air Force Chief
of Staff and Secretary of the Air Force. For a woman and an Asian woman
to hold such a high level technical position is most unusual. That
person would not only have an extraordinary scientific mind, but also be
extremely capable to manage and successfully complete the complex
systems development requirements of the US Air Force. Her span of
control would have included the most advance aircraft and unmanned
aircraft developments, but also space communications, computer systems
and other highly classified projects requiring more than a Top Secret
clearance.<br />
Today, Chinese American scientists and engineers comprise about 15%
of the technicians and engineers in our national laboratories including
research centers like the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. With
parents who strongly encourage their young people to study hard and
study math, Chinese Americans will continue to make more than their
portion of contributions to our nation’s scientific leadership and keep
our national security strong.<br />
For additional information about Chinese American heroes, please visit the website at www.chineseamericanheroes.org .<br />
<a href="http://www.asianweek.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/moon-fun-chin.png" rel="lightbox[pics11034]" title="moon-fun-chin"><img alt="moon-fun-chin" class="alignleft attachment wp-att-11035" height="116" src="http://www.asianweek.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/moon-fun-chin.png" style="float: left;" width="112" /></a><strong>Name in English:</strong> Moon Fun Chin<strong><br />
Name in Chinese:</strong> 陈文宽 [陳文寬]<br />
<strong>Name in Pinyin:</strong> Chén Wénkuān<br />
<strong>Gender:</strong> Male<br />
<strong>Birth Year:</strong> 1913<br />
<strong>Birth Place:</strong> Toisan, Guangtung, China<br />
Rescue Pilot honored by Congress<br />
<strong>Profession(s):</strong> Aircraft Mechanic, Pilot, Airline Executive<br />
<strong>Education:</strong> 1930, Public School 18, Baltimore, MD; 1933, Commercial Pilot License, Curtis Wright Flying School, Baltimore, MD.<br />
<strong>Award(s):</strong> 1995 Distinguished Flying Cross; 1995 Air
Medal; Presidential Unit Award; World War II Victory Medal;
Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with 1 silver star, United States
Government.<br />
<strong>Contribution(s):</strong> At the age of 20, Moon Chin went to
Hong Kong and joined China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC). He
was initially a copilot, then became a captain in 1936 and flew
transport missions before and during WW II. He charted and flew many
dangerous flights over ‘the Hump,’ the Himalayas, which are the highest
mountain ranges in the world. In March 1942, he safely evacuated Lt
Colonel James Doolittle from Kunming in China, transiting from Burma to
Calcutta in India after the famous Doolittle bombing raid on Tokyo.
Moon and the other brave Hump pilots, both civilian and military, took
tremendous risks delivering the critical war materials that helped stop
the Imperial Japanese military attempt to conquer China and South Asia.
Flying in unarmed cargo planes with minimal communications, limited
navigation tools, and flying missions in bad weather or at night to
avoid Japanese fighters, many hundreds of flights disappeared, the only
sign of their passing being the wreckage littering countless Himalayan
mountainsides. Moon and his colleagues were truly brave heroes.<br />
Moon Chin also rescued many US Army Air Corps, US Air Force, and
Republic of China (Taiwan) Air Force crew members oftentimes during very
dangerous periods of open war such as during WWII or the secret battles
of the Cold War up until 1955. His most daring rescue occurred in 1954
when a US Air Force C-119 crew bailed out over the sea in bad weather
between Guam and Taiwan. Chin, then the Chairman of the Board for Fu
Hsing Airlines, personally flew a PBY Catalina flying boat, found the
crew, landed in the water, and rescued 6 of them in stormy sea
conditions. Two USAF amphibious aircraft at the scene had refused to
land due to the turbulent waters, but Chin ignored the danger and landed
anyway. The rescue effort took over 5 hours because landing and
taking off again was so difficult. One of the rescued air crew, Major A
W Gristad, described Capt Chin’s skill in landing and taking the
seaplane off as “the best piece of flying I have ever seen. Captain Chin
truly lived up to his reputation as the best ‘water man’ between the
West Coast of America and the China coast.” Joining in the praise of
USAF aircrews, General William Chase, Chief of the Military Advisory
Group at the US Embassy in Taipei added his own commendations to Chin.<br />
Much later, by US Senate resolution, Capt Moon Chin and other Hump
pilots received the Distinguished Flying Cross and Air Medal in 1995.
As a sign of the tremendous respect felt by the US military for him,
Moon was credited for US military service from 1941-1945, even though he
never served in the military.<br />
<br />
<br />
<center>
<b>EARLY AVIATION IN CHINA:<br />
Captain Moon F. Chin Recalls his Experience with the<br />
China National Aviation Corporation</b></center>
<br />
<center>
<img src="http://www.cnac.org/cnac_label.jpg" /></center>
<br />
The San Francisco Airport Museums Oral History Program was initiated in
1997 to preserve first person accounts of the development of aviation.
Transcribed oral history interviews are placed in the San Francisco
Airport Commission Aviation Library and Louis A. Turpen Aviation Museum
where they are catalogued and made available for use by scholars,
historians, and the public. The Oral History Program serves to increase
awareness of historic achievements in aviation by documenting this
legacy for the benefit of current and future generations. For its 2003
annual giving, the San Francisco Aeronautical Society began underwriting
the San Francisco Airport Museums Oral History Program.<br /><br />
The following edited excerpts are from oral history interviews conducted
with Capt. Moon F. Chin between February 2nd and March 5th of 2004 by
Mauree Jane Perry of Making History Associates. The full transcript will
be available to the public at the San Francisco Airport Commission
Aviation Library and Louis A. Turpen Aviation Museum.<br /><br />
Capt. Chin began his flying career with China National Aviation
Corporation (CNAC) in 1933 as a copilot on the Shanghai–Peking route. He
became a captain in 1936 and flew transport missions before and during
WW II that included flights over the Himalayas—a region known as “the
Hump.” He joined the Central Air Transport Corporation (CATC) in 1946 as
head of operations where he acquired aircraft, hired and trained flight
crews, and initiated operations on Mainland China. CATC became part of
Civil Air Transport (CAT) of Taiwan in 1947. In 1964, Capt. Chin founded
Foshing Airlines with service from Taipei to Taitung.<br /><br />
<center>
<img src="http://www.cnac.org/chin_for_cnac_01.jpg" /><br />
<b>Moon F. Chin - Spring 2004<br />
Photograph by Gabriel Branbury</b></center>
<br />
<b>Mauree Jane Perry:</b> How soon after you started working for CNAC did you begin flying the actual Shanghai–Peking flight?<br /><br />
<b>Capt. Moon F. Chin:</b> Well I applied for the job in January 1933,
and I joined March 1, 1933. I think I waited two months. I had to start
work as a mechanic since I had experience as a mechanic. So from the
first of March until the middle of the month when we started flying to
Peking, I worked everyday on the airplanes as a mechanic. Even after I
started flying to Peking and back, I still had to work as a mechanic
until I was transferred from land planes to seaplanes.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> What navigational tools did you use in 1933?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> We didn’t have any. (Laughing) No navigation—no instrument
flying. In fact, in those days we didn’t have autogyro, we didn’t have
directional gyro. Later I learned by myself what we called
“one–two–three.” You only look at three instruments: the air speed, the
climb indicator, the bank and turn—you know the ball and the needle.
That’s all we needed. We had oil pressure and gasoline, but those had to
do with the engine. I’m talking about flying. We had a compass, of
course, the bank and turn, and the air speed. So you watch the three
instruments. You start with the air speed. Then you go to climb
indicator, then you go to the bank and turn. (Laughing) So you keep
going around. See, what I learned mostly on instrument flying was when I
flew from Chengtu [now Chengdu] to Chungking [now Chongqing]. I became a
captain in 1936. Every chance I had I tried to fly one–two–three. We
called it that because you looked at one instrument going round so you
keep the air speed, the climb indicator, and the bank and turn—and once
in a while you look at compass to see the direction you’re going in.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> So after you became a captain in 1936, where did you fly?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> I flew everyday between Chengtu and Chungking. In the morning
I would take off from Chengtu to Chungking and then on to Hankow [now
Hankou]. After the Hankow plane came in with the Loening the next day, I
would carry those passengers back to Chengtu. The <a href="http://www.cnac.org/aircraft04.htm">DC-2</a> used to fly from Shanghai to Hankow to Chungking to Chengtu. That’s what I did for one year.<br /><br />
Then, around 1938, I was sent to Shanghai. They gave me two weeks leave
to go to Hong Kong. When we returned after one week, that’s when the
trouble started in Shanghai. Then I left for Nanking [now Nanjing] and
never went back to Shanghai until 1945. So after Shanghai was bombed [in
1938] I went back to my old route.<br /><br />
Only sometimes I would fly to Rangoon or wherever they wanted. Sometimes
to Hanoi. Sometimes I would fly to Guilin on that peculiar plane, the
Dolphin, a stagger wing Beechcraft, a British twin-engine plane. This
place was very hard to go to—all mountains, and the weather was very
bad.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> So you would wake up in the morning and not know where they were going to send you to fly that day?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> When I used to fly, before Pearl Harbor, I was based in
Chungking. When the planes came in from Hong Kong, I would either go
with them as a copilot or I would take the plane back from Rangoon or
Hanoi. Then the pilot would take them back to Hong Kong.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> When did you start flying to Hong Kong?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> Oh, that’s after Hankow was lost in 1938. Before Hankow was
lost, I was stationed in Chungking I was just flying a seaplane from
Chungking to Hankow.
<b>Q.</b> You liked your work? You were flying as a copilot or pilot.
You went all over southeastern China, Burma [now Myanmar], Hong Kong,
Indochina [now Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, and West
Malaysia]. You had different routes, different airplanes to fly. You
were paid. You were married. Were you in danger?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> I liked my work. I didn’t feel I was in danger.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> What about navigation tools. How had they changed?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> You see, before I was transferred and I was in Chungking, I
was more or less not alone but I did most of the work for the Chinese
Air Force. In the old days, between Chungking and Chengtu, I would fly
to the northwest border with Russia. I would take the pilots or mechanic
to get the Russian fighters. They didn’t have radio, so they depended
on us to lead them-—like a bird following the goose. We had the radio,
and we had the Telefunken directional finder. The fighter planes’ range
was very short. So we would lead them to this airfield. I circled until
the first squadron refueled. Then, when they were ready to take off, the
second squadron would go down and refuel. If there was an air raid,
then I would just wiggle my wings and make a circle and go towards
Chengtu. At the same time, there would be a signal on the field that an
air raid was going on. They couldn’t land until the refueled planes were
coming up.<br /><br />
One time I was supposed to lead a bunch of Russian bombers with Chinese
pilots to Guilin. They asked me to go to Chengtu and pick up some
drop-able tanks, made of bamboo. They put them under their wings to get
longer range. When they finished using that gas, they just dropped them
because they didn’t have use for it anymore. Because they didn’t have
metal, they made the extra gas tanks out of bamboo.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Let’s talk about some of the various planes you flew.
<b>A.</b> The first plane I flew for CNAC was the Stinson. It was the
biggest plane I had flown at that time. Five passengers plus the pilot
and copilot. It was a high wing. Before they had the smaller tires,
later they had the balloon tires because they could land on paved field
where you have soft mud and things like that. It moved better than the
regular tire. And then the next plane I flew was the seaplane, an
amphibian Loening that flew from Shanghai along the Yangtze River.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Was it difficult to learn to fly a seaplane?
<b>A.</b> No. The flying is all the same except when it lands in the
water. In a seaplane you pull back on the controls to get the plane on
the step, they call it. In a land plane you can drive forward to get the
tail up. But in a seaplane, you have to get up on the step and once you
are on the step, then you fly it like a regular plane.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Did you have a preference?<br /><br />
A. Not exactly, but before you got on a seaplane you learned how to
sail a boat. That was part of the training, because when you are on the
water you have to learn about the wind and the current. On the Yangtze
River you have downward flow. So they gave us a little sailboat, and we
learned how to go downwind, crosswind so that when you get on the
seaplane, it is the same thing as on a sailboat. If the wind is stronger
against the current, you go into the wind. But if there is no wind,
then you go downstream with the flow of the water. If the wind is strong
enough and with the water, then you go against the current and into the
wind.<br /><br />
You practiced in the little sailboat on the river. The only time you
have current like that is only when it is high tide or low tide. So when
it's low tide, maybe you go against the wind, so you have to practice
different times of the day. It’s very good. When you have the engine
off, you are drifting against the current. If the engine is dead and you
have no power, you have to find a way to get the plane to drift so you
get onto a corner where you beach the plane. You drift awhile and later
on you get going. Later on they added a little rudder in the water, and
then we had a cable.<br /><br />
As a copilot the only thing you had in terms of training was when the
pilot was taxiing. You had to lie on your belly on the lower wing and
when he approached the floating drum you had to grab that rope and tie
it on to the side of the hull, and he would cut the engine when you
signaled that you got it fastened. Sometimes he would go too fast, and
you couldn’t hold on to it to get the rope wrapped around. So he
wouldn’t cut off the engine until he was sure that you had the engine
tied.<br /><br />
Being a copilot in the wintertime was terrible because it was so cold.
Lying down on your belly, you’d get all wet. Afterward you got up with
the wind blowing and the propeller blasting; you know, you could feel
your hands getting frozen.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> How many captains were there at CNAC in 1938?
<b>A.</b>Not many. About four American and four Chinese captains. <a href="http://www.cnac.org/charlessharp01.htm">C. L. Sharp</a> was No. 1. Then there was <a href="http://www.cnac.org/hughwoods01.htm">Woody</a> and <a href="http://www.cnac.org/pottschmidt01.htm">Pottschmidt</a>.
At that time I was flying the seaplane between Hankow and Chungking.
They were flying the land planes. So we would meet each other during
different times. Two of us flew the Commodore. Sometimes we flew the
Douglas Dolphin.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> You liked the <a href="http://www.cnac.org/aircraft13.htm">Dolphin</a>? It had 8 seats and flew 140 miles per hour, and had a range of 720 miles.<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> That was much better than the <a href="http://www.cnac.org/aircraft16.htm">Commodore</a>.
That only went 110 miles per hour. Maybe less. We used to say it took
off, landed, and cruised at the same speed. (Laughing) The Dolphin was a
good plane to fly. But I remember that every time we landed I had to
walk down the top of the wing spar and push the nail back in. The wing
wasn’t metal; it was plywood covered, no fabric. It was glued, of
course, to the metal frame and rib. After so long, the wing would start
flapping. So after we landed, when we would go up on the wing to gas the
plane, we’d walk down the spar to push the nail back in. Actually, the
nail was not doing any good. It was the glue holding it together.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> So you were based in Chungking during the war. The question is why were you even flying all the way to the Russian border?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> Because we flew to Yining. That’s where the Russians brought
the planes over to China. In 1937–38 the Russians flew the planes
themselves. But later on, they didn’t have the pilots. They just sold
the planes to the Chinese. They didn’t fly over. The Japanese were
protesting over this.<br /><br />
So the planes would come from Moscow and would land over on the Russian
side. Then they would pull them by hand over the Chinese border and they
would tow them down to the airfield here. The airfield is closer to the
border actually. I remember when I flew there the town was not much.<br /><br />
Yining is the Chinese airfield on this side, and this is the Russian
airfield on the other side. Alma Ata is the Russian base. SAS used to
fly in and out of and stop there on the way to Scandinavia. Anyway,
before we used to go from Chengtu. Lanchow [now Lanzhou] and Chengtu and
Chungking.<br /><br />
The Chinese Air Force was in Chengtu. Chungking was the wartime capital.
Xi'an is here. This is the area where they tested the atomic bomb. This
is the end of the Great Wall, the end of the Himalayas that goes all
the way to the Great Wall. Hami is here. Turpan is the second lowest
place in the world. Below sea level. But the mountains here are over
15,000 or 16,000 feet.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Had these western routes [across the Northwest Frontier] you flew ever been flown before?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> No, never before.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> So how did you know where the mountains were and how high
they were? When you chart a path in such difficult territory, how do you go about it?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> First he [C. L. Sharp] gave me the report. They took off from
Peshawar, the northwest frontier of India at that time. He described
this area. He was already flying around 30,000. The B-24 can go up that
high. But we could only go around 20,000 feet. After he couldn’t see
Yarkant, he said he followed the Yarkant River. There were sandstorms.
This area is all desert.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> What is it that you did that the B-24 couldn’t do?
<b>A.</b> They started from India, trying to survey, and they couldn’t see so they turned back.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> I see because of the dust storms and because they were so high up in a B-24. But you were in a <a href="http://www.cnac.org/aircraft07.htm">DC-3</a> and could stay under the clouds?<br />When you chart a path, what do you do?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> We studied where the path was so we could get through. There
are three paths we could get through. We only looked at the one path,
but we could see the other side, and we went through it. If we couldn’t
see the other side, we didn’t go through. (Laughing) There is another
pass near Afghanistan. After Afghanistan there is Russia, so there are
four countries that touch.<br /><br />
So, in the summer of 1942 we went south to New Delhi, then to Karachi,
then to the northwest frontier near Peshawar, what they called in the
old days, the Northwest Frontier. It had many troubles before in the old
days. Then we spent the night there. The Air Force gave us dinner. They
all wore gloves, the British. (Laughing)<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Where did you get your gas supplies?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> We still had the U.S. Army with the star and the two bars
indicating it was an American plane. When we left Calcutta we got gas.
We got gas at Kunming, that’s where the Chinese Air Force was. But when
we went there, they didn’t have the high octane.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> I wanted to ask you where you were when Pearl Harbor occurred?
<b>A.</b> I was in <a href="http://www.cnac.org/kaitak01.htm">Hong Kong</a>.
Pearl Harbor was on December 7. But in Hong Kong it was the nighttime
on the 8th. On the morning of the 8th I was still in bed. I saw a
formation of fighter planes start coming down. I thought they were
practicing. From my bed I could see the Pan American Clipper in the
water. I saw the tail of the <a href="http://www.cnac.org/aircraft04.htm">DC-2</a>
in front of the hangar. All of a sudden I saw water spraying up. They
were machine-gunning that Clipper. But the Clipper had been waiting to
go to Manila, so it had a lot of gas in its tank, and it caught fire
right away. I don’t know if they actually dropped a bomb on the Clipper
or not, I didn’t see. But I saw the DC-2’s tail start to burn, and I saw
the Clipper burn first.<br /><br />
After it was over, I drove my car to the market to buy some rice. I saw
the DC-2 burn up. Then when I got home, I got a telephone call to
prepare to leave that night. The company called me. “Get ready to leave
tonight?” I said, “But all the planes burned up.” He said, “No, one
plane didn’t get hit. We pushed it off the airfield. And the two planes
didn’t come back last night.” So we still had three airplanes, you see.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> So now let’s talk about the Doolittle experience. After Pearl
Harbor, Jimmy Doolittle and his sixteen U.S. Army B-25 bombers broke
through Japanese defenses on April 18, 1942, to strike Tokyo and other
cities in broad daylight. It was a daring and dramatic raid. Then he
flew on to China.<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> On my regular flight out of Chungking, we were delayed, and
we didn’t know what the reason was. We saw the American ambassador and
all hanging around. When the party came down and they all got near the
cabin door, we were sitting in the cockpit. I was the pilot. But I
didn’t see who was coming. It was April 1942. Then they got around the
entrance door to the plane, and then I saw people climb up on the plane
and the others got away. They cleared us to start the engine, and we
took off for Kunming.<br /><br />
Less than an hour before we got to Kunming, we got a warning that there
was an air raid going on. So we found an airstrip in the mountains and
we landed there. We landed on this place and we got everybody out of the
plane and we hid in a ditch. We had a crew of four, and then of course
about eight or ten passengers. Doolittle was one of them. The others
were regular passengers. And when I got down, he came next to me and I
saw his name, Doolittle. First I saw his clothes were pretty dirty. When
he came over to me in the ditch, I told him I remembered him back in
1933 in Shanghai.<br /><br />
Then when we got clearance, I got all the passengers on the plane, but
he didn’t get on the plane. He just stood there near the wing tip
talking to me. He said, “Which way are you going to take off?” This
airfield was not level, it was uphill, and we were parked in a down part
of the hill. I told him I was going to take off downwind. Usually a
plane takes off upwind. Then he said, “O.K. If you were going to take
off upwind, then I was going to stay here.” (Laughing) Then of course
there was some telephone wire on a bamboo pole in a ditch or something.
Only a couple of telephone wires. So he said, “What about those?” I
said, “Gee, if we don’t make it we’ll just take the wire with us.”
(Laughing) He got on the plane.<br /><br />
Then when we landed in Kunming, General Chennault was waiting. They
saluted each other and drove away. So when it was time to leave, they
came in and got in the plane. We were supposed to go to Dinjan. That’s
what he thought. But the instruction was to get to Myitkyina, which is
in the northern part of Burma. We were supposed to pick up the radio
operator and the company personnel and equipment because that was the
last day they were going to be there.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Did you know what was happening politically in <a href="http://www.cnac.org/myitkyina01.htm">Myitkyina</a>, that is, that it was under attack?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> Yes we knew that because we were supposed to pick up the company personnel.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Were you frightened?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> Oh no. (Laughing) When we were flying we should have been
flying northward, and Doolittle wrote me a little note on a piece of
paper, and he gave it to the radio operator. The operator—no first he
asked the radio operator, “Why are we flying north?” The operator told
him because we were going to Myitkyina. Then he wrote on a piece of
paper that the ambassador in Chungking told him Myitkyina had fallen
that afternoon. I told the operator, no, the company would have warned
me not to go to Myitkyina if it had already fallen. I didn’t pay any
attention to him.<br /><br />
Then when we got to within twenty-some odd miles of Myitkyina, I saw a
plane up in the air on the way to Dinjan. It looked like the last plane.
I couldn’t see what plane it was, but it looked like it was on.<br /><br />
Then when we got to within twenty-some odd miles of Myitkyina, I saw a
plane up in the air on the way to Dinjan. It looked like the last plane.
I couldn’t see what plane it was, but it looked like it was on its way
to Dinjan. Then we got to Myitkyina. We saw all the people leaving the
airfield. That was the last plane. So they all left. A big crowd. They
were trying to get out on that plane. When they saw us approaching they
all returned, rushing back to the airfield because they thought another
plane was coming in for them.<br /><br />
So when we landed, we found out that all the people we were supposed to
pick up had gone on that last plane—the radio equipment and all the
personnel, because we were late. Because of the air raid we were delayed
a couple hours. So the radio operator didn’t know what we were doing.
See, before we got to the airfield, he had disassembled his radio
equipment so he didn’t know what was going on. Then all the refugees
wanted to get on the plane. We started loading them.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Whose decision was it to load the refugees on the plane?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> Well, they all crowded around. They all wanted to go. We tried to take as many as we could.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> So it was your decision?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> Yes, well, actually Doolittle helped. We had to take the
ladder away because we didn’t want people climbing up. We picked the
older people and the ladies with the kids. In fact, we had a lady get on
board but her husband couldn’t get on board so she jumped back out. He
looked very healthy, see. So she jumped back out.<br /><br />
When we were nearly packed, Doolittle wanted to know what the hell I was
doing. I said, “We do that quite often.” After we were all full, we
closed the door. Then we got everybody out of the way so we could taxi
and take off. I figured that since we had a full load, we shouldn’t go
to Dinjan, so we went direct to <a href="http://www.cnac.org/dumdum01.htm">Calcutta</a>. We just had enough fuel to reach Calcutta.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> And this plane that usually held only twenty-one people held how many?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> Seventy, I think. Just packed in there. Sitting on the floor.
Standing up. Then we landed. We found when we opened the cargo door we
had another eight people packed in the cargo area. When we landed in
Calcutta, the American embassy people came. Doolittle disappeared. He
didn’t go through customs. He didn’t go through immigration. I didn’t
know what was what. Then the next morning I looked at the paper and read
that he had bombed Tokyo.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> You hadn’t known that he had bombed Tokyo?<br /><br />
Nooooo. If I had known, I wouldn’t have taken the chance to go through all that. I had no idea.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> You land and you see all the refugees climb out of the plane.
You see the extra people climb out of the cargo, and then you saw that
Doolittle didn’t have to go through customs. Did you say goodbye to him.
Did he say goodbye to you or give you a thumb’s up?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> No, he waved. I saw him talking to the people meeting him,
people from the consulate. When I read the papers the next day, I said
to myself, he went to all that trouble, and then I almost got him
killed. We talked to each other a couple times, before the war ended and
after the war. We just said hello to each other.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> If you had known you were carrying this important man, would you have done anything differently?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> I wouldn’t have gone to Myitkyina.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> But you know the airline, the company, must have known you were carrying Captain Doolittle?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> They knew he was on board, but they didn’t know he had bombed
Tokyo. Nobody did. See the news didn’t come out until after he left
Calcutta.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> What did you do for oxygen if you were flying up to 15,000 feet?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> In early days we only had portable oxygen. Later the planes
had the low-pressure oxygen system in the aircraft. But we didn’t use it
until 8,000 feet. Usually we didn’t use it until 10,000 feet. In 1943 I
came to the United States, and I flew the DC-4. I was checked out at
American Airlines at La Guardia Airport. I liked this airplane. In those
days it was a big airplane. (Laughing) Of course, any time you have a
big airplane like that there were more things to handle. But it was very
easy, for every Douglas airplane was almost the same.<br /><br />
Then at the end of 1943–44, we had the C-46 Commando. It could go about 1,400 or 1,500 miles.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Where did you fly this transport plane?<br /><br />
<b>A.</b> During the war, CNAC got delivered one or two a month. We
started getting it the end of 1943. When I flew for CATC, we bought nine
of those from the Foreign Liquidation Com-mission. It was like surplus,
planes that were left in Shanghai.<br /><br />
Then the <a href="http://www.cnac.org/aircraft06.htm">C-47s</a>, I
bought two of those in 1946. They were brand new. Never been flown, just
shipped to India. I bought them for $5,000 apiece. I bought them for
CATC. The company bought them. I bought two of them for training. I used
them mostly flying between Shanghai and Nanking when they asked me to
go to a meeting. These were trainers, not for passengers. We needed them
for training, since we were starting a new company.<br /><br />
<b>Q.</b> Why did you use this particular plane to train pilots for the new company? <br /><br />
<b>A.</b> For basic training. At that time after the war, we figured we
had to train from the ground up. Of course, CATC bought six of the
Convairs. It was the first new plane after the war.
The DC-6 came out right after that. I was checked out on that in 1949.
<b>Q.</b>Who checked you out?
<b>A.</b>We had sent twelve crew over here to train with American
Airlines in Ardmore, Oklahoma. Then, when they ferried the planes back, I
flew back and forth with them on the trips.<br /><br />
Originally when we purchased these planes, they were from Shanghai. But
when we got the planes, Shanghai was almost gone, so we used the planes
between Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Bangkok. Two of the planes arrived, and
they didn’t make a single trip because there was no place for them to
go.<br /><br />
_________________________<br />
Photograph by Gabriel Branbury.<br />
CNAC luggage label, 1940s, San Francisco Airport Museums, gift of the Pan Am Association.<br />
Published as a supplement to the Spring 2004 issue of FAM 14, the newsletter of the San Francisco Aeronautical Society.<br />
Copyright © 2004 San Francisco Aeronautical Society. All rights reserved.<br />
Contact <a href="mailto:SFAS@sfoArts.org">SFAS@sfoArts.org</a> for San Francisco Aeronautical Society membership information.<br /><br />
<hr />
<center>
<b>This will be the cover of the book, "The Life Next to the Spinning Propeller" by Li Wang.<br />
The book should be published around Christmas of this year, 2007.</b><br />
<img src="http://www.cnac.org/moonfunchin05a.jpg" /></center>
<br /><hr />
<br />
The following three links will show a three page article written by <a href="http://www.cnac.org/liuxiaotong01.htm">Liu Xiao Tong</a> of Chengdu, China, about Moon F. Chin.<br />
<a href="http://www.cnac.org/moon_chin_paper01R.pdf">Page one</a><br />
<a href="http://www.cnac.org/moon_chin_paper02R.pdf">Page two</a><br />
<a href="http://www.cnac.org/moon_chin_paper03R.pdf">Page three</a><br /><br />
<a href="http://www.cnac.org/liuxiaotong01.htm">Liu Xiao Tong</a> has written these two books:<br />
<center>
<img src="http://www.cnac.org/liuxiaotong01a.jpg" /><br /><br />
<center>
<img src="http://www.cnac.org/liuxiaotong02a.jpg" /></center>
<center>
<img src="http://www.cnac.org/line2.gif" /></center>
<br />
<center>
If you would like to share <u>any</u> information about Moon F. Chin<br />
or would like to be added to the CNAC e-mail distribution list,<br />
please let the <a href="mailto:pepperbud@pobox.com">CNAC Web Editor, Tom Moore</a>, know.<br />
Thanks!</center>
</center>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-52617427840201704062012-08-06T10:21:00.001-07:002012-08-06T10:21:36.275-07:00China Town of Rancho Cucamonga<h1 id="yui_3_2_0_1_13442601028891452" style="color: #262b7f; font-family: arial, helvetica, verdana, sans-serif;">
<span id="yui_3_2_0_1_13442601028891451" style="font-size: large;">Report expected on historic China House in Rancho Cucamonga</span></h1>
<div style="font-family: verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px;">
<a href="mailto:neil.nisperos@inlandnewspapers.com?subject=DailyBulletin.com:" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span><span>Neil Nisperos, Inland Valley Daily Bulletin</span></span><span></span></a></div>
<div style="color: #000088; font-family: verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px;">
Created: 08/02/2012 07:06:13 AM PDT</div>
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<span></span>In
the 1880s, Chinese workers who had helped build the transcontinental
railroad settled in an area of Rancho Cucamonga near the present-day
intersection of San Bernardino Road and Archibald Avenue.<br />
They found work in vineyards and farms, digging irrigation channels,
and making fireworks. Hundreds of Chinese immigrants lived in a small
area of town where the present-day intersection of Klusman and San
Bernardino Avenues is today.<br />
Nearly a century ago, a fire burned down the wooden homes the Chinese
workers lived in. Replacement living quarters came in the form of three
two-story clay block structures, that housed dozens of workers each.
All that remains of the former China Town of Rancho Cucamonga is a
single two-story clay block home on the northwest corner of Klusman and
San Bernardino.<br />
Ed Dietl, a member of the Rancho Cucamonga Historic Preservation
Association, wants to preserve a part of this history for present and
future residents. Dietl said he believes the deteriorating building,
which is made of unsupported clay blocks, will eventually fall on its
own in the near future.<br />
"When that happens then we'll have to knock it down because it will
be a health hazard for all the people who try to walk through the area,"
Dietl said.<br />
"What we'd like to do is take it down nicely and
preserve some of the bricks, and build a nice pyramid or corner stone or
something on the property with a brass plaque saying at one time there
was a Chinatown here."<br />
Dietl shared interesting tidbits about the building's history. After
the last Chinese resident left the home in the 1940s, a family moved
into the home after which they installed heating, air, and plumbing.<br />
The children in the family were delighted to find secret tunnels
underneath the building. Others later found smoking pipes and bottles -
the artifacts from the earlier inhabitants near the former outhouse in
the backyard.<br />
Dietl also believes the former residents of the home are buried underneath the property.<br />
"We think that most of the people that died on this property were buried on this property because there was no Chinese cemetery.<br />
Dietl also related a legend about a former resident, who had lived in
the Chinatown for 50 years, and had lived in the home before he died at
the age of 87. Two days before his death, he gave newspaper confetti to
a woman he had been working for and asked the woman to spread the
confetti over his grave in order "to keep the devil away."<br />
Dietl said the woman could still see the man standing over his grave amidst the confetti.<br />
"I'm sure there's ghosts here," Dietl said. There's a lot of history here."<br />
Officials<br />
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<span><a href="http://www.dailybulletin.com/portlet/article/html/imageDisplay.jsp?contentItemRelationshipId=4558627" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img alt="" border="0" height="150" src="http://extras.mnginteractive.com/live/media/site203/2012/0802/20120802_121006_OH03-CHINAHOUSE_200.jpg" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px!important; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px!important; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px!important; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px!important;" title="" width="200" /></a></span><div id="yui_3_2_0_1_13442601028891445" style="font-family: verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; text-align: left; width: 200px;">
Edward Dietl, of the Rancho Cucamonga Historic Preservation Association,
is interested in keeping the history of the China House, alive. The
home, which was built in 1919, is the last remnant of a once thriving
China Town, near the intersection of Archibald Avenue and San Bernardino
Road. (Neil Nisperos/Staff Writer)</div>
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with the Cucamonga Valley Water District, which owns the
property, said they are developing a historic preservation plan, said
Jolynne Russo-Pereyra, assistant general manager of the Water District.Russo-Pereyra
said the plan is to hire a historic preservation consultant.
Preliminary ideas include photographic documentation and drafting
engineering records, preservation of the bricks, and the placement of a
plaque or monument commemorating the site.<br />
"The structure is very dilapidated and very unsafe and we've been in
communications with the city about this but we'd like to memorialize the
significance of it, so we'll be bringing in a historic preservation
consultant," Russo-Pereyra said.<br />
At a recent Rancho Cucamonga Planning Commission meeting, Dietl asked
officials and planners for a report on what the city with the water
district to preserve the site.<br />
Officials said a report on the property will be presented at the next Planning Commission meeting in August.<br />
"We love the old property and we want to do everything we can to
preserve a little bit of Cucamonga's history. We'd love to do it because
it's disappearing rapidly and there's no money anymore. The best thing
is to donate the piece of property to a historical association or do
some work on the property to fix it up so it looks pretty nice. This is a
really nice old area of Cucamonga which shows the way it existed and
we're not doing ourselves any favors by leaving it the way it is."</div>
</div>Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-51118139026304653502012-07-24T10:19:00.000-07:002012-07-24T10:19:31.960-07:00Old Los Angeles Chinatown Revisited<h2 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
<a href="http://losangelesrevisited.blogspot.com/2012/07/sonoratown-little-italy-china-city.html">Sonoratown, Little Italy, China City, Chinatown, Los Angeles, Ca.</a></h2>
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
<a href="http://losangelesrevisited.blogspot.com/">from Elisabeth L. Uyeda's Blogg <span dir="ltr"></span></a><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6024147951366258093" rel="contributor-to nofollow">Los Angeles Revisited</a></h3>
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<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
</h3>
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Memories of visiting Chinatown during my youth conjure up not curio
shops, nor restaurants with names like Forbidden Palace, nor of walking
through Gin Ling Way, Chung King Road, or Bamboo Lane. Rather, the
places remembered from the 1960s were plain with storefronts
nondescript compared to the central plaza. Our family's weekly
destination to shop and eat meant heading to the outskirt around New
High, Ord and Spring Streets.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsa-i623f8AeNpMt5X1yW2sbGOT7CiMBwKULSpiCs3q2o0n22_OH0bkKyrnpQJ2F-67PLVn5MKGGJZUZxNGWLBr3jGt4pPor6JBzovNCy6-cgKHo-hz03nS9MQYW6wvjKHKo8Nm_PairQc/s1600/Stores+Along+North+Spring+Street+Chinatown.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsa-i623f8AeNpMt5X1yW2sbGOT7CiMBwKULSpiCs3q2o0n22_OH0bkKyrnpQJ2F-67PLVn5MKGGJZUZxNGWLBr3jGt4pPor6JBzovNCy6-cgKHo-hz03nS9MQYW6wvjKHKo8Nm_PairQc/s400/Stores+Along+North+Spring+Street+Chinatown.jpg" title="Chinatown Stores Along North Spring Street" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image courtesy Seaver Center for Western History Research</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Above shows the Mandarin Restaurant at 643 North Spring Street. At the
far right of the picture was Sing Lee Theatre (established about 1963)
at 649 North Spring Street. (Not that my family ever dined at the
Mandarin - we only ate Cantonese cuisine - I didn't experience
Mandarin-style food until the 1980s in Monterey Park.)<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5BtyKqR3GPX1s2GvTXyh8sIUjt0Lz0PhF0dHjbOq-t5TH-DG8KYicHVRN5JY9108Wm34CDXJK-8O7smJbfNWJIaeKVTS7SS1CtAzMwco4WxF_KQxvKWYI3GcPO5MwCpuLgLLZLSAkHkJY/s1600/North+Spring+Sam+Sing+Company+in+Chinatown.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5BtyKqR3GPX1s2GvTXyh8sIUjt0Lz0PhF0dHjbOq-t5TH-DG8KYicHVRN5JY9108Wm34CDXJK-8O7smJbfNWJIaeKVTS7SS1CtAzMwco4WxF_KQxvKWYI3GcPO5MwCpuLgLLZLSAkHkJY/s400/North+Spring+Sam+Sing+Company+in+Chinatown.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image courtesy Seaver Center for Western History Research</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Further up on the same street was a meat market, Sam Sing Company at 680 North Spring Street.<br />
<br />
Despite the lack of exoticism along these parts, the area's colorful history more than makes up.<br />
<br />
<b>Losing "Old" Chinatown (1933)</b><br />
<br />
The obliteration of Old Chinatown, near Alameda and Aliso Streets, began
on a Friday morning, December 22nd of 1933. Legal challenges against
the destruction only postponed the inevitable. The Union Passenger
Terminal or Union Station was eventually built on the cleared land, and
the first train arrived in May of 1939. By 1942 the streets and
alleyways erased included Apablasa, Cayetano, Juan, Marchessault and
Napier Streets.<br />
<br />
Early Chinese residents settled in Los Angeles after the completion of
the transcontinental railroad in 1869. Men found new work and eked out
their living in such occupations as vegetable peddler. The Chinese
community was victim to the most violent event in the young city's
history during the Chinese Massacre on October 24, 1871.<br />
<br />
<b>New High, Ord and Spring Streets </b><br />
<br />
A study of Dakin's fire insurance atlas for the year 1888 discloses that
Chinese businesses and rooming houses existed outside of Chinatown
proper, namely by New High Street (Calle Alta was the earlier name).
See further below for a discussion on early Chinese areas outside of Old
Chinatown. Later in this blog post two other nearby streets will be
covered: <a href="http://losangelesrevisited.blogspot.com/2010/08/views-of-la-city-hall.html">Ord Street</a>
(formerly Alta, then Walters Street), and North Spring Street
(originally called Street of the Maids, then changed to Upper Main in
the 19th century, then was known as San Fernando by 1897.) From the
19th century into the early 20th, these three streets were known as a
part of Sonoratown for its Mexican residents. Italians also settled in
this neighborhood.<br />
<br />
<b>New Chinatown (est. 1938)</b><br />
<br />
The Chinese American community found a new core location when its
leaders managed to strike a deal and acquired vacant land owned by the
Santa Fe Railroad. New Chinatown opened June 26, 1938, and it was
anchored by a central pedestrian plaza on Broadway north of College
Street. The architectural layout and facades have basically not changed
all these years.<br />
<br />
Also in 1938 two Chinese businesses appeared in that year's city
directory listed at 700 and 701 North Spring Street near Ord. This
location was several blocks away from the central plaza. These
businesses did not cater to the tourist. These stores were situated
adjacent to China City (to be discussed below.)<br />
<br />
Wai Sang Meat Company (700 Spring) and Kwong Dack Wo Company (702
Spring) were meat and grocery markets respectively. (My parents
regularly frequented these markets in the 1960s. Both stores were
listed as recent as in the 1973 city directory.) Today, both units
house the CBS Seafood Restaurant.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieYIM49_baIg9vJg18PWHfA9fTB8aX1HwhyHx0DH1dn2QTLiwdUp4U8bH-yIA5qI0KKRBwwf6I4tG-ODpYefuHOicWS6FDiParj90b3JxifO-m4b-N3ovnhGXDbionAkdHAHjFGG9WksEp/s1600/IMG_1204.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieYIM49_baIg9vJg18PWHfA9fTB8aX1HwhyHx0DH1dn2QTLiwdUp4U8bH-yIA5qI0KKRBwwf6I4tG-ODpYefuHOicWS6FDiParj90b3JxifO-m4b-N3ovnhGXDbionAkdHAHjFGG9WksEp/s400/IMG_1204.JPG" title="CBS Seafood Restaurant" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Notice on the picture's right side at the rear of CBS that the lit Philippe's sign is visible (Click to zoom in)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
CBS Seafood Restaurant opened in 1999. Their parking lot next to the
restaurant has been watched by congenial Security Officer E. Reed since
the restaurant opened. Mr. Reed said he has only missed three work days
when he tried a stint at the new Disney Concert Hall but decided he
preferred the Chinatown beat. He is amazingly warm and welcoming to CBS
patrons.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCf3bdF9sYk146yruKITei3Gk51gzz-67XQeW7HJgljnwQIGJtcawZJKFeg6mG-kZNELiW1QbgbQPZNMOkYUJqhGqzYojhdjBgJXkXXNPLitMNHys5YNcZUOad8xHHuKQVdDfPNWkX_8Vf/s1600/Reed+&+Ho.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCf3bdF9sYk146yruKITei3Gk51gzz-67XQeW7HJgljnwQIGJtcawZJKFeg6mG-kZNELiW1QbgbQPZNMOkYUJqhGqzYojhdjBgJXkXXNPLitMNHys5YNcZUOad8xHHuKQVdDfPNWkX_8Vf/s400/Reed+&+Ho.jpg" title="CBS Seafood Restaurant manager and parking lot guard" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">E. Reed and restaurant manager D. Ho shootin' the breeze in the parking lot</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The CBS site history includes a three-story handsome brick building
constructed by the summer of 1888 and named the Tononi Block, for its
owner, an Italian, Giacomo Tononi. The businesses at these locations
were a saloon/billiard
parlor (700 Upper Main) and wine & liquor store (702 Upper Main.)
Later his widow, Isabel Pelanconi Tononi, lived in one of the upstairs
lodging quarters briefly (704 1/2 San Fernando - this address was
sometimes listed as the San Fernando Hotel, as recent as 1956.) She was
the great-granddaughter of a Spanish soldier Cornelio Avila who built
one of the early adobes bounded near today's North Broadway, College,
Spring and Alpine Streets.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBpVEToJmfnK8W6OMkU2Qb5hrkSQmkHsMYbxpqeDpaAKynzbNm9872RF09uVHCasn6zjkD6CzdmRCYE_wzqEY-vgPbU8_PKrf1Lr8ajh4YvevjToK-88OJjAjGr8FMCmaJwWVETLdbpR1Y/s1600/Corner+Ord+Upper+Main.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBpVEToJmfnK8W6OMkU2Qb5hrkSQmkHsMYbxpqeDpaAKynzbNm9872RF09uVHCasn6zjkD6CzdmRCYE_wzqEY-vgPbU8_PKrf1Lr8ajh4YvevjToK-88OJjAjGr8FMCmaJwWVETLdbpR1Y/s640/Corner+Ord+Upper+Main.JPG" title="Tononi Block Upper Main and Ord" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lower 'pink'
areas show the brick buildings of the Sunset Hotel and the Tononi Block
across the street (Courtesy Seaver Center) (Click on image to zoom in)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The very corner unit (700 San Fernando) also served for many years as
grocer Casimiro Michelini's store, as listed in the 1897, 1901 and 1909
city directories.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi55hJQ5bDKQFlyj0-l-w-qC9m-H1LNzroRcX-VRcdLiH2dIWc2Q3jVPN6R5SuA11M1jTMiBXc95HFiAlqTEWMUrIlXyOy9rO61UDg4DvREr-7Q0xIGwt7lLzu6lxCuMENbI7pfvsFNWoC/s1600/Tonini+Block.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="409" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi55hJQ5bDKQFlyj0-l-w-qC9m-H1LNzroRcX-VRcdLiH2dIWc2Q3jVPN6R5SuA11M1jTMiBXc95HFiAlqTEWMUrIlXyOy9rO61UDg4DvREr-7Q0xIGwt7lLzu6lxCuMENbI7pfvsFNWoC/s640/Tonini+Block.jpg" title="Giacomo Tononi Block" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Tononi Block
is partially blocked by the tree in right foreground. Across the street
was an even taller building, the Sunset Hotel at 703 Upper Main Street
(Image courtesy Seaver Center)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
It does not appear likely that today's CBS is on the original floor of
the Tononi Block, however, the County Assessor's record still lists this
site as built in 1887. A big question -- when was the building razed?
One clue comes from directory listings that place the Tononi building
still possibly standing in 1956.<br />
<br />
Across the street from the Tononi was the Sunset Hotel at 703 Upper
Main. (This hotel would have been only a short distance from the "San
Fernando Street" depot stop of the railroad.)<br />
<br />
Another unknown is year that the imposing Sunset Hotel went away. The
County Assessor lists the building where the hotel should have sat as
207 Ord (built 1880). Today's single story building does not seem to be
derived from the hotel. 207 Ord is a long single story building (maybe
like the footprint of the old hotel), and Hoy King Restaurant operates
here.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy7foexLr7NDbXLBiM5J45riA8BBKjds0fHPawKFxgkexAn_bfWDZNXnuuoVARxN9DzRBABQHqQ6hE_eJBt4vawO1wW432MKv4hsVmKsyTK4-MnatQcyoBcV3EyIr7PIBzyiBaB_5PMMkW/s1600/Hoy+King+Seafood+Restaurant.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy7foexLr7NDbXLBiM5J45riA8BBKjds0fHPawKFxgkexAn_bfWDZNXnuuoVARxN9DzRBABQHqQ6hE_eJBt4vawO1wW432MKv4hsVmKsyTK4-MnatQcyoBcV3EyIr7PIBzyiBaB_5PMMkW/s640/Hoy+King+Seafood+Restaurant.JPG" title="Hoy King Seafood Restaurant, Los Angeles Chinatown" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This space was
the Chung Mee Cafe in the 1942 and 1956 directories. I know it was
still Chung Mee in the 1960s when my grandfather was a "waiter" there.
Actually he ran the gambling operation in the back of the restaurant.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The 207 Ord building continues lengthwise eastward:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaMwR31IFymQULldYGaZvt3JMeUji8dyWrt-EXFYvRtNvaaYbn7HtWOFgiL3aXBH2WdqHSL4DG2yFmsL0kcu9UY9OcT-67iJTTsB9Y2PYG1g2b7XTj7Z4jRgsaoWYfhPNCDKdL2F7kmnIo/s1600/207+Ord+Street.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaMwR31IFymQULldYGaZvt3JMeUji8dyWrt-EXFYvRtNvaaYbn7HtWOFgiL3aXBH2WdqHSL4DG2yFmsL0kcu9UY9OcT-67iJTTsB9Y2PYG1g2b7XTj7Z4jRgsaoWYfhPNCDKdL2F7kmnIo/s400/207+Ord+Street.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcvNc-DDowD0ePEJR0_U8yT-0ucykC4HovDN7T1shS7rRscjwfEWhkdJOIDUYA247FYJTlUBpCUy5p5Xk5zs8w1tKoNVA6iubImHqeGLmgwMnid_VNIA_CefMRwvK4AY0hpS1fKqCdvxoj/s1600/207+Ord+Brick+Layer.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcvNc-DDowD0ePEJR0_U8yT-0ucykC4HovDN7T1shS7rRscjwfEWhkdJOIDUYA247FYJTlUBpCUy5p5Xk5zs8w1tKoNVA6iubImHqeGLmgwMnid_VNIA_CefMRwvK4AY0hpS1fKqCdvxoj/s400/207+Ord+Brick+Layer.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The 207 Ord Street building (built 1880; renovated 1935) is showing its age</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Across the street southward from the former Tononi Block was an adobe
structure at the southeast pictured below with street signs of Ord and
San Fernando. Adobe homes were prevalent on these streets - settled by
the early Spanish and Mexican soldiers and other persons of means in the
early to mid-19th century.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgl6LmFAxPkKCp1hLUqR8j26alz9cOAxvkJqLQ754Hnz2FcSAKTm_MCR_cq0wJo8uUO1f9aaqNGIYRXE5AbECxjfcbPNhuOx_DBIe6WgTayRmTxcAd8Puf5AOTG7pcRouP5arfdZeWmhOa/s1600/Adobe+Southeast+Spring+and+Ord.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgl6LmFAxPkKCp1hLUqR8j26alz9cOAxvkJqLQ754Hnz2FcSAKTm_MCR_cq0wJo8uUO1f9aaqNGIYRXE5AbECxjfcbPNhuOx_DBIe6WgTayRmTxcAd8Puf5AOTG7pcRouP5arfdZeWmhOa/s400/Adobe+Southeast+Spring+and+Ord.jpg" title="Adobe at Ord and Spring Streets, Los Angeles" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Look closely at
the left side for a downhill descent of Ord Street (today a walk
downhill would lead to Philippe's) (Courtesy Seaver Center)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The address site of the adobe would have been about 686 North Spring.
If one walks southerly on Spring before reaching the cross street of
Cesar Chavez, contemporary street life is very diversified, as shown
below:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNGoYXqvrcm4qc8gcMOCRfzASHFYYlc2m1KvasRVyHlZaWpVz8VcWhsgLDj-3yBn9RUmlE4m0MKz5zRl-kuFwdtpPPApu-yt8NS8GKIbu_5qI4Nw2N47bjFy_p0nmlAtULtURaEFxGR0AB/s1600/Spring+600+Block+by+Cesar+Chavez.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNGoYXqvrcm4qc8gcMOCRfzASHFYYlc2m1KvasRVyHlZaWpVz8VcWhsgLDj-3yBn9RUmlE4m0MKz5zRl-kuFwdtpPPApu-yt8NS8GKIbu_5qI4Nw2N47bjFy_p0nmlAtULtURaEFxGR0AB/s400/Spring+600+Block+by+Cesar+Chavez.JPG" title="600 Block North Spring Street near Cesar Chavez Avenue" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
Directly across the street is the spot first introduced at the beginning
image of this blog posting. There is still a theater, though now
called King Hing Theater:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-jeSJWsFl051sNMfWmGmN9XQnUStWT_tRtsgcTS7kslRPV4uSDviKXHA4gHKOtx8nfWF4r0zVrjevueqKjc-OiidurQZladEWUUmVQkONIMSXUnFgc_dAi3fzhDV7M0FZuMIcUl5EltfQ/s1600/King+Hing+Chinese+Theater.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-jeSJWsFl051sNMfWmGmN9XQnUStWT_tRtsgcTS7kslRPV4uSDviKXHA4gHKOtx8nfWF4r0zVrjevueqKjc-OiidurQZladEWUUmVQkONIMSXUnFgc_dAi3fzhDV7M0FZuMIcUl5EltfQ/s640/King+Hing+Chinese+Theater.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
The Dakin 1888 insurance atlas surprisingly reveals that in this 600
block there was a significant concentration of Chinese quarters, labeled
in the atlas "Chinese" Chin. Rest." "Chinese Wash" "Chin. Board'g"
"Chin. Tea" and "Chin Rooms." These notations provide indication that
Chinese resided outside of the "Old" Chinatown community.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyYDr3vJ3z8VHfhLSQY0DmptdAshugmUQhEbx1bRuWzud2YHYP_IrVvjYtvZdkl_ssKH-HcqPSaNwggXyxaeWa-KUwUfTvJx1nPF1sIJ-JSyw7872zo1vCCvi3D1mLYczVQNCxJ7tgUSSn/s1600/Upper+Main+Chinese+Boarding3+More+Detail.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyYDr3vJ3z8VHfhLSQY0DmptdAshugmUQhEbx1bRuWzud2YHYP_IrVvjYtvZdkl_ssKH-HcqPSaNwggXyxaeWa-KUwUfTvJx1nPF1sIJ-JSyw7872zo1vCCvi3D1mLYczVQNCxJ7tgUSSn/s640/Upper+Main+Chinese+Boarding3+More+Detail.JPG" title="Chinese Quarters on Upper Main, Los Angeles 1888" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Click to Zoom) (Courtesy Seaver Center)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>Philippe's Sandwiches</b><br />
<br />
Today's best-known landmark in the area is Philippe's French-Dipped
Sandwiches at 1001 Alameda Street, along Ord Street. Back in 1888 this
famous corner was a vacant lot. Displaced from their location on Aliso
Street by new freeway consruction, Philippe's moved here in 1951.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR7mGuQelWfuhWa8G1hUEVr7l9O4sqedUYnmOdmxnSODwP10qxGSZrelV4ToipnpGxWEqBRV7OWaZ4hVREgI7SzcYj5QiBnPGbgGTjXNTsP1AhGRxfStye2Pi0iWX55z6hQD3gj1IXKgbO/s1600/Phillippe+French+Dipped+Sandwiches.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR7mGuQelWfuhWa8G1hUEVr7l9O4sqedUYnmOdmxnSODwP10qxGSZrelV4ToipnpGxWEqBRV7OWaZ4hVREgI7SzcYj5QiBnPGbgGTjXNTsP1AhGRxfStye2Pi0iWX55z6hQD3gj1IXKgbO/s400/Phillippe+French+Dipped+Sandwiches.JPG" title="Philippe's French Dipped Sandwiches" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<b>China City (est. 1938)</b><br />
<br />
Across the street from Philippe's, Ord Street was the north boundary for
"China City" the Chinese tourist compound created by the "mother of
Olvera Street" Christine Sterling. It opened in June of 1938, a few
weeks earlier than New Chinatown's opening. China City was partly
Sterling's solution for the displaced Chinese community. Less than a
year later, a suspicious fire burned in the main section. After being
rebuilt, China City operated for about ten years before another fire
brought its demise. China City extended to Spring Street on the west,
Main Street on its east side, and reaching south to Macy Street (today's
Cesar E. Chavez Avenue.)<br />
<br />
There might be a historical remnant -- at Philippe's parking lot across
the street from the restaurant hangs a neon sign which reads "Shanghai
Street." Shanghai Street existed in China City so this might have been
an authentic, salvaged sign.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_HPMaW0WQ_Hq4kkWwXzQc-CgunphpZpd4I6gVvmX0l1_ubYUEUoZfa-2scquZQjejLsmbvnCprode3JSZmp8PC2GQ3n8KQQGyGnj0ufJwapO0lNKO2y3PF_EHAsuwppRKlCyNpg86u36F/s1600/China+City%27s+Shanghai+Street+at+Philippe%27s.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_HPMaW0WQ_Hq4kkWwXzQc-CgunphpZpd4I6gVvmX0l1_ubYUEUoZfa-2scquZQjejLsmbvnCprode3JSZmp8PC2GQ3n8KQQGyGnj0ufJwapO0lNKO2y3PF_EHAsuwppRKlCyNpg86u36F/s400/China+City%27s+Shanghai+Street+at+Philippe%27s.JPG" title="Philippe's parking lot Shanghai Street sign" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<b>Sonoratown</b><br />
<br />
In the 19th century, the city blocks considered today's New Chinatown
was home to a different ethnic group: Hispanics. The barrio developed
and resulted from demographic changes following the American period of
the city after 1850. Whereas Mexican and Hispanic residents once
comprised more than half the population, new Anglo settlers changed the
equation. A segregated area north of the Los Angeles Plaza became
inhabited by Mexicans and referred disparagingly as Sonoratown by
Anglos. A study (<i>The Los Angeles Barrio, 1850-1890</i> by Richard
Griswold Del Castillo) delineated that the most concentrated ethnic
enclave between 1872 through 1888 was the large area bounded by Main,
College, Yale and Short (formerly Corta Street, about where Sunset
Boulevard is today.) Two of the main thoroughfares in Sonoratown were
Castelar (today's North Hill Street) and Buena Vista (originally <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Calle de la Eternidad and today's North Broadway.)</span></span><br />
<br />
<b>Early Real Estate Subdivision Nearby</b><br />
<br />
Prudent Beaudry, who served as City Mayor and who was also the developer
of Bunker Hill, subdivided the hill to the west of Sonoratown about
1884.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWlHC8aZ07nhfVvdoXpOn6dkoiyZga9dG9FuzYwYIHmh3y2R7b9RGz8sSMWkhR4qUGCqxjqRwfEUVtbImERy30S5nMIOy59DoKDm40ihBJ-EXG2baaHPx8vvcMPFXdTQqStzKRrXYpwWqV/s1600/Park_Beaudry+Tract.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="330" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWlHC8aZ07nhfVvdoXpOn6dkoiyZga9dG9FuzYwYIHmh3y2R7b9RGz8sSMWkhR4qUGCqxjqRwfEUVtbImERy30S5nMIOy59DoKDm40ihBJ-EXG2baaHPx8vvcMPFXdTQqStzKRrXYpwWqV/s400/Park_Beaudry+Tract.jpg" title="Prudent Beaudry subdivision" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Courtesy of the Seaver Center for Western History Research</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<b>More on New High, Ord and Spring Streets</b><br />
<br />
New High, Ord and Spring may have been the fringe of Sonoratown. There
was also a concentration of homes and businesses to Italians as part of
L.A.'s Little Italy in the 19th century. In 1897 and 1901, Soon Wo
laundry was listed at 688 San Fernando. In 1901, Yik Wo had a tailor
business at 674 San Fernando. In the 1909 city directory, the
businesses and residents appear ethnically integrated by whites and
Hispanics, without Chinese names listed. At 751 San Fernando Street was
the Church of St. Peter. By 1938, New High Street (600-700 block) was
mostly Hispanic, but in light of the new Chinese settlements (New
Chinatown and China City) subsequent city directories showed increasing
Chinese business and residential listings.<br />
<br />
The 1943 city directory indicates these city blocks a mix of Italian,
Chinese and Hispanic residents and businesses. By 1956, the following
line of businesses on Ord Street reflected the diversity: 120 Ord -
Flora's; 122 Ord - F. Suie One Co. Chinese Goods; 124 Ord - Jun Quon
Hin; 207 Ord - Chung Mee Cafe; 301 Ord - Juarez Cafe; 302 Ord - Lake
Sun; 304 Ord - El Capricho Cafe.<br />
<br />
At 708 New High, the corner lot sits ABC Seafood Restaurant. Prior to their venture, the <a href="http://losangelesrevisited.blogspot.com/2010/08/views-of-la-city-hall.html">Limehouse</a>
was here. One of their predecessors was the J.G. Medina Grocery
operating in an old adobe after vacated by the El Adobe Cafe. Click <a href="http://jpg1.lapl.org/00078/00078880.jpg">here</a> to see a photo from the LAPL archive.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzc5R6toe34DDCoWu7Y_g3kMgRFPAyZFmJy8VQrR8Nb7OEbrMxY3L3W_Q2W2D7q4rd5ox4cz9FFJ5qnVUx6JUJ-umha17YTugVQ6Ab8rZuiWFUhXss49NO7t2iv73bfKCR_41ZdGdojDCa/s1600/ABC+Seafood+Restaurant.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzc5R6toe34DDCoWu7Y_g3kMgRFPAyZFmJy8VQrR8Nb7OEbrMxY3L3W_Q2W2D7q4rd5ox4cz9FFJ5qnVUx6JUJ-umha17YTugVQ6Ab8rZuiWFUhXss49NO7t2iv73bfKCR_41ZdGdojDCa/s640/ABC+Seafood+Restaurant.JPG" title="ABC Seafood Restaurant at New High and Ord" width="425" /></a></div>
<br />
Across the street the Phoenix Inn Restaurant opened at the corner of 301
Ord Street in the year 1967, and it is still in business.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipNJQYQbDVBC8hthAo71sMYz8mkUBDs6oaCBZJCAzygpiJJLna2wFyXSeT9y5b5Wlo2SHeMOm7gxxH_MAAmQvTL0bkwT5uz6pnMNnjECvKRGNf0Nma822L_6JudYgzCrRTuobqVVLMA4vi/s1600/Phoenix+Inn+Restaurant2.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipNJQYQbDVBC8hthAo71sMYz8mkUBDs6oaCBZJCAzygpiJJLna2wFyXSeT9y5b5Wlo2SHeMOm7gxxH_MAAmQvTL0bkwT5uz6pnMNnjECvKRGNf0Nma822L_6JudYgzCrRTuobqVVLMA4vi/s640/Phoenix+Inn+Restaurant2.JPG" title="Phoenix Inn restaurant, Chinatown" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
This corner has had its share of restaurant operations, including Kong
Woo in 1942; Juarez Cafe in 1956. The facade of this 1906 building has
hardly change in its century-long existence. Click here for an <a href="http://photos.lapl.org/carlweb/jsp/DoSearch?databaseID=968&index=-1&initialsearch=true&count=10&finish=photosearch_pageADV.jsp&mode=manual&keyword=peluffo&terms=%2F%2Fwpeluffo&author=&Search=Search&after=&specific=&before=&lowdate=&hidate=">LAPL archival photo</a> when it was the site of the Peluffo grocery and liquor store.<br />
<br />
<b>Houses of Ill Fame</b><br />
<br />
Behind the brick building was another building, labeled in Dakin's 1888
insurance atlas as ILL Fame (a house of ill fame, or a brothel). Such
establishments were notorious over by Alameda and Aliso, but along these
several city blocks it was commonplace, too.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnZ5hyphenhyphenyEutwTgQDunxaLXFByfDB951GFyFFjQQLWFVfy5kaYAdRwqhJtNzPA-BTPdzj0_pvWaaB61BqsvF_pS8O0VM5kc6hEqFZiFSVBEgKC_ojpXjRIbGV5sxetrKjMRCdZINRn9ZWDL2/s1600/Corner+New+High+Walters2.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnZ5hyphenhyphenyEutwTgQDunxaLXFByfDB951GFyFFjQQLWFVfy5kaYAdRwqhJtNzPA-BTPdzj0_pvWaaB61BqsvF_pS8O0VM5kc6hEqFZiFSVBEgKC_ojpXjRIbGV5sxetrKjMRCdZINRn9ZWDL2/s640/Corner+New+High+Walters2.JPG" title="Brothel" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Click to zoom in) (Courtesy Seaver Center)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
On New High, below Walters (Ord Street) there are at least six buildings
of ill fame. They were probably "cribs" made of small rooms. On this
street there were also two buildings for "Negro Rooms" and "Negro."<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5UJ0Tks3JEueVjuGRqQdzRF_cdgT_olvOletDpHVHuA2FhypOP8R0u2zy7BgtNGjD-qndrJsgxwDtsaUBXcM4SMCesTxZ9kLzh1ppg4b1GrvPED1R-_W5YDbXhJ_Uj8X1pTFSWuLQtzSk/s1600/Negro+Rooms.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5UJ0Tks3JEueVjuGRqQdzRF_cdgT_olvOletDpHVHuA2FhypOP8R0u2zy7BgtNGjD-qndrJsgxwDtsaUBXcM4SMCesTxZ9kLzh1ppg4b1GrvPED1R-_W5YDbXhJ_Uj8X1pTFSWuLQtzSk/s640/Negro+Rooms.JPG" title="Negro Rooms, Los Angeles" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Click to zoom in) (Courtesy Seaver Center)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The <i>Los Angeles Times</i> printed a "community" notice on July 1,
1889. Various property owners supported the idea of containing
prostitution houses to a single street: along New High between Bellevue
(today's Cesar Chavez Avenue) on the south and Alpine on north. The
supporters reasoned that there weren't families with children or private
houses along those two blocks.<br />
<br />
The newspaper reported on October 26, 1889 that a city order was under
way to pave New High between Walters and Bellevue. By mid-November, the
paper reported a protest against paving the street.<br />
<br />
The following year in October, a single-track railroad right-of-way was
awarded; the route would travel down Buena Vista, then east onto
Walters, then south onto New High.<br />
<br />
Upper Main also had a house of ill fame, a short walk northward from the Tononi Block.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqpMcZhjPoaKgyZT1h6VL0_j8u4ER7a8kQn5tsYQf9NzPFLFepG4lOKP5RVnB4cJafbksYnrNJ12aP15G674w50xDnXY3_re2DqkE3CiVwt5CFW6DHG4dubaERYMuILm3Sjwme-AQKe1d3/s1600/Closeup+Upper+Main+Ill+Fame2.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqpMcZhjPoaKgyZT1h6VL0_j8u4ER7a8kQn5tsYQf9NzPFLFepG4lOKP5RVnB4cJafbksYnrNJ12aP15G674w50xDnXY3_re2DqkE3CiVwt5CFW6DHG4dubaERYMuILm3Sjwme-AQKe1d3/s640/Closeup+Upper+Main+Ill+Fame2.JPG" title="House of ill fame on Upper Main" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">(Click to zoom in) (Courtesy Seaver Center)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
From today's perspective the site of the row of prostitution houses
would have been just beyond the apropos American Apparel girls
billboard:<br />
<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitNBy3M5O6PiUKV5bABwBpo4PCpveouz64nQ8zZHAOxnOieEMvv_MjtordzyMpkqYw8h5-dnnWFpgLtHdOEv-fJsDFGbPBbODuQ8iHIV2ZUCD8Ks2FTDw7TbVg04Efmg5mIAgSqLaqdNiA/s1600/American+Apparel+in+Los+Angeles.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="425" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitNBy3M5O6PiUKV5bABwBpo4PCpveouz64nQ8zZHAOxnOieEMvv_MjtordzyMpkqYw8h5-dnnWFpgLtHdOEv-fJsDFGbPBbODuQ8iHIV2ZUCD8Ks2FTDw7TbVg04Efmg5mIAgSqLaqdNiA/s640/American+Apparel+in+Los+Angeles.JPG" title="American Apparel Billboard" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View north on the 700 block of North Spring Street</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrzPY8Jcabn701gwM2x42yLT1X7EMvdTy35xM60HLrBXV0iMhi7gyLht30uHF7uJYKie6tRIzLKCZkXhb4wz8It8BGd1hSvmac8lAylcn8gRaph53HXuOoT99dXrBA8N4HlYcFQDyQaY8O/s1600/New+High+Street+Sign.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrzPY8Jcabn701gwM2x42yLT1X7EMvdTy35xM60HLrBXV0iMhi7gyLht30uHF7uJYKie6tRIzLKCZkXhb4wz8It8BGd1hSvmac8lAylcn8gRaph53HXuOoT99dXrBA8N4HlYcFQDyQaY8O/s400/New+High+Street+Sign.JPG" width="266" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJhYFXpJmmnaCJP0ybNXYGzZbpwOfRg6Spx6Hue0iKxthGu6pmqEf7yRTH5A8aiaOd9_KE_1jZMqlQQnbQzA7m7DUKp_4FG1RqZGq9Dbp4qw2LKgGBqcEAzk6HreZuJb67Sg2P9kNDv9G-/s1600/North+Spring+Street+Sign.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJhYFXpJmmnaCJP0ybNXYGzZbpwOfRg6Spx6Hue0iKxthGu6pmqEf7yRTH5A8aiaOd9_KE_1jZMqlQQnbQzA7m7DUKp_4FG1RqZGq9Dbp4qw2LKgGBqcEAzk6HreZuJb67Sg2P9kNDv9G-/s400/North+Spring+Street+Sign.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-5007622388819080532012-07-17T16:32:00.000-07:002012-07-24T10:03:01.523-07:00To Shine in the West<h2 class="entry-title">
</h2>
<div id="teaser" style="text-align: center;">
<b>FONG FOO SEC, POMONA’S FIRST CHINESE IMMIGRANT
STUDENT, WOULD BE HAILED AND CELEBRATED IN LATER YEARS AS A RESPECTED
SCHOLAR AND GOODWILL AMBASSADOR. BUT HE ARRIVED IN THE U.S. IN 1882 TO
FACE VIOLENCE, DERISION AND A NEW LAW THAT WOULD DRAMATICALLY CHANGE
AMERICA’S APPROACH TO IMMIGRATION.</b></div>
<div class="entry-meta page">
<span class="entry-date">July 2, 2012</span> <span class="meta-sep"> by </span> <a href="http://vanessahua.com/"><span class="author vcard">Vanessa Hua</span> </a> <a href="http://magazine.pomona.edu/2012/summer/to-shine-in-the-west/"><b><span class="fb_comments"><span class="fb_comments_count">Pomona College Magazine</span></span></b></a>
</div>
<div class="entry-content clearfix">
On a summer day in 1922, as the strains of opera
music and applause from the commencement audience faded away, President
James Blaisdell presented a doctor of laws to Fong Foo Sec, the
College’s first Chinese immigrant student. It was only the third LL.D
awarded since the College’s founding 35 years earlier, and the story of a
peasant laborer turned goodwill ambassador receiving an honorary degree
attracted coverage from as far afield as the <i>New York Times</i>.<br />
<img alt="" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1668" height="289" src="http://magazine.pomona.edu/wp-content/uploads/images/2012/06/FONG1.jpg" width="230" />Fong
had become the chief English editor of the Commercial Press, China’s
first modern publisher. At Commencement, he was praised as an “heir by
birth to the wisdom of an ancient and wonderful people; scholar as well
of Western learning; holding all these combined riches in the services
of a great heart; internationalist, educator, modest Christian
gentleman.”<br />
The pomp could not have been more different than Fong’s arrival four
decades earlier, when his improbable journey to Pomona began under the
cover of twilight. After his steamship docked in San Francisco in 1882,
the scrawny 13-year-old boy hid in a baggage cart, while his fellow
passengers banded together to fend off attackers along the waterfront,
in case the immigrants were discovered before reaching the sanctuary of
Chinatown.<br />
“I was received with bricks and kicks,” Fong said, describing his
reception in a magazine interview and in his memoirs decades later.
“Some rude Americans, seeing Chinese laborers flock in and finding no
way to stop them, threw street litter at us to vent their fury.”<br />
Fong’s immigrant tale is both emblematic and exceptional: emblematic
in the peasant roots, the struggles and dream of prosperity he shared
with Chinese laborers of that era. Exceptional in the fact that Fong,
though he came as a laborer, was able to get a college education in the
U.S. and seize the opportunities it brought. He arrived at a time when
formal immigration restrictions were scant, but also to a land gripped
by anti-Chinese hysteria, just before a new law that, in the words of
historian Erika Lee, “forever changed America’s relationship to
immigration.”<br />
<b>IF FONG, IN HIS TINY VILLAGE </b>in Guangdong province
in southern China, had heard of such threats against his countrymen, he
remained undeterred in his quest to go to Gold Mountain, a name
California had picked up during the Gold Rush era. Fong’s childhood
nicknames, Kuang Yaoxi, “to shine in the West” and Kuang Jingxi “to
respect the West” are revealing. “He was expected, or perhaps destined,
to become associated with the Western world and Western culture,” says
Leung Yuen Sang, chairman of the History Department at the Chinese
University of Hong Kong, who has conducted research on Fong.<br />
Born in 1869, Fong tended his family’s water buffalo and planted
rice, taro and sweet potatoes, but did not begin school until he was 8.
Often hungry, he went barefoot and wore patched clothes, reserving his
shoes for festival days, Fong wrote in his memoirs. But his father saw a
way out for Fong. From the start of the 19th century, his clansmen,
driven by bandits, floods, war and rebellion, went abroad to seek their
fortunes. After seeing villagers travel to America and return with
“their pockets full,” his father asked Fong if he’d like to go too.<br />
To pay for his ticket, the family borrowed money from relatives and
friends, a common practice for would-be travelers. In January 1882,
accompanied by his neighbor, Fong left for Hong Kong where he stayed
before sailing for San Francisco on the <i>S.S.</i> <i>China</i>. In
the crowded hold, amid stormy weather and high waves, he learned his
first words of English and picked up advice. Fong’s steamship was one of
scores jammed with thousands of his compatriots who began rushing over
while the U.S. Congress debated a moratorium on most immigration from
China.<br />
According to his memoirs, Fong arrived sometime after the passage,
on May 6, 1882, of what became known as the Exclusion Act, but before it
took effect 90 days later. The <i>San Francisco</i> <i>Chronicle </i>published
the arrivals and passenger load of steamships from the Orient, noting
in March of that year, “It is a matter of some interest to know just how
many Chinese are likely to be pressed upon our shores.”<br />
The <i>Chronicle </i>also wrote of crowded, unclean conditions
aboard steamers, which were anchored on quarantine grounds and fumigated
to prevent the spread of smallpox. In headline after headline, the
newspaper created the sense of a city besieged: “More Chinese: Another
Thousand Arrive in This Port,” “And Still They Come … Two Thousand
Others on the Way,” “Another Chinese Cargo: Eighty Thousand Heathen
Awaiting Shipment to This City.”<br />
<b>ANTI-CHINESE SENTIMENT </b>had been building for
decades on the West Coast. During economic downturns, the immigrants,
with their cheap labor, became scapegoats. Mob violence flared against
them, and in San Francisco, in 1877, thousands of rioters attacked
Chinese laundries and the wharves of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company,
the chief transpacific carriers of the laborers.<br />
California had already passed its own anti-Chinese measures, and
after years of pressure, particularly from the West Coast, Congress took
unprecedented federal action in the form of 1882’s Exclusion Act. The
10-year ban on Chinese laborers would be the first federal moratorium
barring immigration based upon race and class. Only merchants, teachers,
students and their servants would be permitted to enter thereafter.<br />
At first, confusion reigned. When the Exclusion Act took effect, a <i>Chronicl</i>e
headline proclaimed that the arrival of the “last cargo” of Chinese in
San Francisco was “A Scene that Will Become Historical.” Still, the
Chinese continued arriving as enforcement in the beginning remained
haphazard. The act represented the U.S. government’s first attempts to
process immigrants, and officials at the ports weren’t sure how to
handle Chinese laborers under the new regulations, says Erika Lee,
director of the Asian American Studies Program at the University of
Minnesota. But in time the law succeeded in reducing Chinese
immigration, which plummeted from 39,579 in 1882 to only 10 people, five
years later. The Chinese population in the West shrank, as immigrants
moved east to work and open small businesses. In the months and years to
come, restrictions would tighten, with Chinese required to carry
certificates of registration verifying legal entry. Later on, the right
to re-enter the U.S. would be rescinded, and the act would be renewed.<br />
“Beginning in 1882, the United States stopped being a nation of
immigrants that welcomed foreigners without restrictions,” Lee argues in
her book, <i>At America’s Gates. </i>“For the first time in its
history, the United States began to exert federal control over
immigrants at its gates and within its borders, thereby setting
standards, by race, class, and gender for who was to be welcomed into
this country.”<br />
<b>AFTER ARRIVING IN SAN FRANCISCO, </b>Fong was forced to
hide in a basement his first few days in Chinatown, a neighborhood of
narrow alleys and cramped tenements, but also of temples and
gaily-painted balconies. Laws targeting Chinese—their tight living
quarters and their use of poles to carry loads on sidewalks— reflected
the simmering resentment. “The city authorities, because they had not
been able to prevent their coming, tried to make it difficult for [the
Chinese] to settle down here,” Fong wrote.<br />
<img alt="" class="alignright size-full wp-image-1673" height="301" src="http://magazine.pomona.edu/wp-content/uploads/images/2012/06/fong31.jpg" width="250" /> Like
many immigrants, Fong turned to kinsmen for help. He left for
Sacramento to live with an uncle, a vegetable dealer, who found him a
job as a cook to a wealthy family. He earned $1 a week, along with the
occasional gift of a dime, which he treasured “as gold.” He—like many
Chinese immigrants—sent money back to cover the debt incurred to cover
his passage to America and pay for family expenses.<br />
At his uncle’s urging, Fong studied English at a night school set up
by the Congregational Church in Sacramento’s Chinatown, but he started
gambling and stopped going to class. Scolded by his uncle, he returned
to school and a new teacher, Rev. Chin Toy, became his mentor.<br />
Fong found himself debating whether to convert to Christianity.
Among his parents, relatives, and friends, not a single one was
Christian, and he hesitated giving up the idols his ancestors had
worshipped for generations. “If Christianity turns out to be unreliable,
I will lose heavily,” he wrote in his memoirs.<br />
After a fire gutted the heart of Sacramento’s Chinatown and
destroyed his few possessions, Fong had to move into a dark basement
room, thick with his uncle’s opium smoke. Fong then asked if he could
stay in the mission church, and Rev. Chin consented to the unprecedented
request. From age 15 to 17, Fong lived in the mission, where he learned
Chinese, the Bible, English, elementary science, and read books such as
<i>Pilgrim’s Progress</i> and <i>Travels in Africa</i>. Six months later, he was baptized, but it took the Salvation Army to stoke his religious passion.<br />
Drawn by the sound of the bugle one night, coming home from his
cook’s job, Fong watched the preachers in the street, fervent despite a
jeering crowd. Their zeal led him to question his faith and whether his
sins had been forgiven. Struck by a vision of Christ’s breast streaming
with blood, he knelt during a church service and repented.<br />
His conversion was unusual—missionaries in those days did not make
deep inroads among Chinese immigrants, who “did not seem to see the
efficacy of a god who sacrificed his son on a cross,” says Madeline Hsu,
director of the Center for Asian American Studies at the University of
Texas at Austin. “Until there was a better sense of community and
utility in attending church, missionaries seemed largely ineffectual.”<br />
The Salvation Army, unable to proselytize among the Chinese until
Fong joined up, sent him to their San Francisco headquarters in 1889 for
six months of training. As a preacher, Fong became the object of
“laughter, bullying, and insults. As a Chinese, I suffered more than any
Westerner,” he wrote. Still, for more than a year, Fong evangelized in
California, Oregon and Washington.<br />
One night, a brawny man in the street started beating Fong, who
could not defend himself, and the teenager escaped after a woman
intervened. Another time, while Fong passed a football field, boys
swarmed around him, spitting and assaulting him until he found refuge in
a nearby house.<br />
After a labor meeting to discuss measures against the Chinese, boys
began following Fong, who brandished a paper knife to ward them off. He
might have found his greatest peril in Tacoma, Wash., where mobs in
November 1885 drove out every Chinese, part of a wave of xenophobic
violence sweeping the West. During an evening meeting sometime after the
anti-Chinese riots, Fong’s friends heard voices outside and urged him
to change out of his Salvation Army uniform, hide in a friend’s house
and then aboard a ship anchored in the harbor where he spent the night.
“Later, it came to light several hundred people had gathered outside the
door of the meeting place, ready to seize me,” he wrote in his memoirs.<br />
Fong endured. After taking typing and shorthand in night school, he
became a clerk at the Salvation Army, and then was promoted to secretary
to a major, the organization’s ranking leader on the Pacific Coast. The
next few years had “significant bearing” on his future, he wrote,
because he associated with people of “superior class” who spoke fluent
English. On his own, he studied history, archeology and literature, and
honed his public speaking and debate skills.<br />
<b>BUT FONG HAD AMBITIONS </b>that would lead him to
Pomona—and, eventually, back to China. “If I could obtain higher
learning, I could go back and be of service to society,” he wrote in his
memoirs.“To spend my whole life in a foreign country did not seem to me
the most ideal solution.”<br />
In 1897, Fong met Pasadena businessman Samuel Hahn, whose son,
Edwin, attended Pomona. Fong shared his dreams with them. Edwin Hahn, in
turn, told Cyrus Baldwin, Pomona’s first president. Not long after,
President Baldwin called upon Fong in San Francisco at the Salvation
Army headquarters, urging him to come at once. Fong’s $300 savings, and
his pledge to work part-time, would cover his tuition, the president
assured him. Years later, Fong would name his first-born son Baldwin in
gratitude.<br />
<img alt="" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1677" height="333" src="http://magazine.pomona.edu/wp-content/uploads/images/2012/06/fong21.jpg" width="254" />Fong
entered Pomona’s prep school, cleaning houses, waiting on tables,
typewriting, picking apples and cooking to cover his expenses. Like some
students, Fong built a wood shack to save on rent and prepared his own
meals, harvesting vegetables from a friend’s garden, according to
classmate Charles L. Boynton, who contributed to a memorial volume after
Fong’s death. Rev. Boynton would become a missionary in Shanghai. (With
the College’s Congregationalist roots, a good number of Pomona students
went on to become missionaries in the early days.)<br />
As a student, Fong helped bridge the gulf between cultures and
countries, a role that would become his life’s work. He was seen as an
expert on his homeland. Under the headline “The Views of a Bright
Chinese Student,” the <i>Los Angeles Times</i> printed the transcript
of a lengthy address Fong had given in Los Angeles regarding current
events in China. And Boynton asked Fong—known as “Sec” or “Mr. Sec”—to
speak with students planning to become missionaries in China, to share
what he knew of the country and to make a personal appeal for
evangelization. Fong also began his decades-long involvement with the
YMCA during this time, after hearing about a fellow student’s account of
young people surrendering their lives to Christ at a gathering on the
hillside overlooking the ocean at sunset in Pacific Grove.<br />
He interrupted his studies at Pomona twice: first, shortly after
enrolling to accompany General William Booth, the founder of the
Salvation Army, on a tour of the United States, and for a second time,
in 1899, after he contracted tuberculosis and a physician ordered him to
recuperate in a mountain camp for a year. “I was under the impression
there was no cure for the disease and that it was a matter of a few
months before my life, with its hopes crushed and work undone, would
come to an end,” Fong later wrote in a letter.<br />
A friend reasoned with him, helping restore his enthusiasm, and he
looked fondly upon his time at Pomona. “Five years in college and all
the assistance from friends—these I cannot forget.” After four years in
Pomona’s prep school followed by a year of regular collegiate
enrollment, he transferred to the University of California at Berkeley,
where he graduated with honors with a bachelor of letters in 1905. He
then headed east to Columbia, where he earned dual master’s degrees in
English literature and education—fulfilling a prophecy. A generation
ago, a fortune teller told Fong’s grandfather that an offspring would be
awarded high academic honors.<br />
<b>FONG RETURNED TO CHINA </b>in 1906 after a
quarter-century absence. “The people are my people, and it doesn’t take
long for me to forget that I had seen life—lived, struggled—in the West,
and I was one of them once more,” he wrote.<br />
He taught English and landed an appointment at the Ministry of
Communications before taking his post at the Commercial Press in
Shanghai, which published textbooks and translations. Such work
contributed much to the educational development of China, which he
considered vital to ensuring the country’s survival. Fong believed
Chinese students also had to understand sciences, art, history, law and
the government of Western countries.<br />
In the decades ahead, Fong would become a prominent volunteer leader
in Rotary International and the YMCA, and travel to Europe, Australia
and the United States. And yet, despite his degrees, despite his
accolades, under the Exclusion Act, he was not unlike the lowliest
Chinese laborer who returned to his village after spending years in Gold
Mountain.<br />
America, it seemed, wasn’t ready for them. Permanent settlement in
the U.S. was not an attractive option, because Chinese were prohibited
from becoming naturalized citizens and faced a limited set of economic
and social options. Many Chinese Americans were barred from certain
professions, such as practicing law, even if they were college
graduates. “It is notable that he ‘made his mark’ in China, not the
U.S,” says Lee. During this time, the U.S. system for dealing with
immigrants was becoming more and more formalized. Only a few years after
Fong returned to China, an immigration station for detaining new and
some returning Chinese immigrants opened on Angel Island in the middle
of San Francisco Bay. By then, the Exclusion Act had set into motion new
modes of immigration regulation that would give rise to U.S. passports,
green cards, a trained force of government officials and interpreters,
and a bureaucracy to enforce the law.<br />
When Fong died in 1938, the Exclusion Act was still in effect. It
wasn’t until five years later, when China and the United States became
allies during World War II, that Congress repealed it. Large-scale
Chinese immigration wasn’t allowed until the passage of the Immigration
and Nationality Act two decades after the war’s end.<br />
But throughout his life, Fong had remained optimistic about the
power of education to alter American attitudes toward the Chinese, even
if the laws hadn’t caught up to reflect that change. He exuded that
spirit in an interview with a YMCA magazine, <i>Association Men</i>, in 1922, the same year he returned to the U.S. to receive his honorary degree from Pomona.<br />
“The presence of several thousand Chinese students in your colleges
and universities has given you a truer conception of us, than you get
from the Chinese laundrymen,” Fong said. “The change which has come over
the American is truly remarkable … you receive me with cordiality and
friendliness. I am hailed as an equal.”</div>
Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-38252067185624492812012-07-16T09:42:00.000-07:002012-07-16T09:55:13.252-07:00Forbidden Citizens Chinese Exclusion and the U.S. Congress A Legislative History<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #21578a; font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-large;"><a href="http://thecapitol.net/Publications/ForbiddenCitizens.html"><span style="color: #21578a;">Forbidden Citizens</span></a></span></b><br />
<b><a href="http://thecapitol.net/Publications/ForbiddenCitizens.html"><span style="color: #21578a; font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: large;">Chinese Exclusion and the U.S. Congress</span></a></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><a href="http://thecapitol.net/Publications/ForbiddenCitizens.html"><span style="color: #21578a; font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: medium;">A Legislative History</span></a></b><br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://thecapitol.net/Publications/ForbiddenCitizens.html">http://thecapitol.net/Publications/ForbiddenCitizens.html</a></div>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: medium;"><b>By Martin B. Gold</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">Described
as "one of the most vulgar forms of barbarism," by Rep. John Kasson
(R-IA) in 1882, a series of laws passed by the United States Congress
between 1879 and 1943
resulted in prohibiting the Chinese as a people from becoming U.S.
citizens. <b><i>Forbidden Citizens</i></b> recounts this long and shameful legislative history.</span><br />
<b>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">
<a href="http://hobnobblog.com/?p=15164">H. Res. 683 Acknowledges Injustice of anti-Chinese Discrimination</a>,
June 18, 2012 </span></b><br />
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">"In other
cases, we admit the people and exclude the individual. In the Chinese
case, we admit the individuals and exclude the people."<br />
--Representative Henry Naphen (D-MA) (1899-1903), 35 Cong. Rec. 3695 (1902) (<i>§
9.30</i>)</span></blockquote>
<a href="http://thecapitol.net/Publications/ForbiddenCitizens.html"><img alt="Forbidden Citizens: Chinese Exclusion and the U.S. Congress- A Legislative History" border="0" height="712" src="http://hobnobblog.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/FC_Cover1_500.jpg" title="Forbidden Citizens: Chinese Exclusion and the U.S. Congress - A Legislative History " width="500" /></a><br />
<br />
<b><span style="color: #21578a; font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: large;">Cover Images<br />
</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: medium;"><b>
<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b49114/">
<img align="left" alt="Claims of China, by J.A. Wales" border="0" height="642" hspace="8" src="http://hobnobblog.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/FC_Main.jpg" title="Claims of China, by J.A. Wales" vspace="8" width="450" /></a>Main cover image</b> </span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">(bottom-left
of the cover) is from the cover of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puck_%28magazine%29"><i>Puck</i> magazine</a>, March 17, 1886, one month after Secretary of State <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_F._Bayard">Thomas F. Bayard</a> wrote to China's
Washington legation that
"<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_Springs_massacre#Diplomatic_and_political_issues">the
violence against Chinese immigrants was precipitated by their
resistance to cultural assimilation, and that racism against Chinese was
typically found among other immigrants rather than the majority of the
populace.</a>" </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">The
cartoonist was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Albert_Wales">J.A. (James Albert) Wales</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">The cartoon shows the <a href="http://immigrants.harpweek.com/ChineseAmericans/Items/Item100L.htm">Chinese Minister
to the United States Cheng Tsao-ju</a> handing "claims of China" to Secretary of State <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_F._Bayard">Thomas F. Bayard</a>.
The sign above Bayard reads, "The Chinese have no votes and no rights which this government is bound to respect, 1886."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">To Secretary Bayard's right, previous Secretaries of State <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_G._Blaine">James G. Blaine</a>
and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_M._Evarts">William M. Evarts</a>
sit below identically worded signs dated 1881 and 1877. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">
<a href="http://immigrants.harpweek.com/ChineseAmericans/Items/Item100L.htm">Cheng Tsao-ju</a>'s
left hand holds another scroll that says, "The Government of China
paid over to that of the United States the sum of [500,000 taels]
$735,258.97 in full liquidation of all claims of American citizens in
1858."
[<b><a href="http://thecapitol.net/Publications/ForbiddenCitizens_bigcover.html#FCCover_Note1">Note 1</a></b>]</span><br />
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">On the night of December 14, 1856, the foreign factories at Canton
were burned and foreigners were compelled to flee the city; and on the
13th of the next month [January 13, 1857] all foreigners were forced
to abandon Whampoa, the port of Canton's Hostilities between China and
Great Britain growing out of the controversy concerning the lorcha
Arrow -- a controversy which served to inflame the feelings of the
Chinese against all foreign residents. "The destruction of the foreign
settlements at Canton, although apparently the act of incendiaries,"
was "known to have been arranged by the authorities of Canton, who
made no distinction between enemies and neutrals; and the subsequent
proceedings of the Canton government in offering rewards for the heads
of all foreigners indiscriminately." [<b><a href="http://thecapitol.net/Publications/ForbiddenCitizens_bigcover.html#FCCover_Note2">Note 2</a></b>]</span></blockquote>
<b><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;"> <i>The caption below the illustration reads:</i> </span></b><br />
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;"><b>Chinese Minister</b>:
"Therefore, all things whatsover ye would that men should do to you, do
ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets."<br /><b>Secretary Bayard</b>: "That's some nonsense of that old Confucius of yours, I suppose?" </span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">The image is from the Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Online Catalog, <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b49114/">http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3b49114</a>. </span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: medium;"><b>
<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651356/">
<img align="left" alt="The ultimate cause, by Frank A. Nankivell" border="0" height="518" hspace="8" src="http://hobnobblog.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/FC_small.jpg" title="The ultimate cause, by Frank A. Nankivell" vspace="8" width="350" /></a></b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: large;"><b>
The Ultimate Cause</b></span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: large;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">is from the cover of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puck_%28magazine%29"><i>Puck</i> magazine</a>, December 19, 1900. In
the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxer_rebellion#1900:_A_year_of_disasters">spring
of 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion in China, several Christian churches were burned and Chinese Christians were killed.
Hundreds of soldiers from eight foreign countries were then
dispatched to protect the foreign legations in Beijing</a>. (§ 9.12)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">The
cartoonist was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Arthur_Nankivell">Frank Arthur Nankivell</a>. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">The cartoon shows shows a Chinese woman with two children talking to an American missionary on a street
in front of a market. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;"><i>The caption below the illustration reads:</i> </span></b><br />
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;"><b>The Ultimate Cause</b>
<br />"But why is it," asked the thoughtful Chinese, "that I may go to your heaven, while I may not go to your country?"<br />
<br />The American missionary shrugged his shoulders. "There is no Labor vote in heaven!" said he.</span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS,Verdana,Arial,Sans; font-size: x-small;">The image is from the Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Online Catalog, <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651356/">http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651356</a></span>.<br />
<br />Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-30016902365392849332012-06-26T10:33:00.001-07:002012-06-27T07:29:12.098-07:00The Life of Moon Tung Wong<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Mom and Dad closed the laundry in December 1984." border="0" height="276" src="http://www.aiisf.org/images/stories/edward_wong/more%20family%20phoots_0042.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Mom and Dad closed the laundry in December 1984." width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><b>Mom and Dad closed the laundry in December 1984</b></span>.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;">Eat More Potatoes and Go Back to China: The Life of Moon Tung Wong</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"> </span> <br />
by Edward Wong<br />
<div class="buttonheading">
<br />
As a child, I was often confused about the three different names associated with my father. First, there was Fook Gooy Wong, the name on his citizenship papers. Then
there was Frank Wong or Frankie as he was known to the customers at the
laundry he and my mother, Siu Fong Yu Wong, ran for 40 years in
Hollywood, CA. And finally, there was Wong Moon Tung, a name only used by his friends and cronies from Bak Hang Toon, his birth village.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
My father was a man of mystery; he held many secrets. He was also fond of imparting wisdom to us in pithy phrases. If you are Toisanese, you've probably heard this expression: Heck mo see doy, fahn hong san. East
more potatoes (for they are cheap and filling), so that you can save
money to retire in China. My father said it often when reminiscing about
the hardships of his youth as a wage-slave in America. But
it requires tremendous discipline to forgo the pleasures of American
life and save every hard-earned dollar from hours of sweat-soaked toil
to send back to parents and siblings in the village. The fact that my father did so speaks volumes about his character.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
He came to Gum Saan as a young man just as his father and older brother had done. There
was not much hope for a bright future in the rocky hills of Toisan
where the daily diet of fish heads and vegetables could barely sustain a
family. Thus, he left Bak Hang as a 15 year old to find work in San Francisco. After a short stay at the Angel Island Immigration Station, he was landed in 1927. Shortly
after his arrival, someone informed on his false family, and my father
was taken out of a classroom at Francisco Middle School and detained for
a month at Angel Island as he waited to be deported. There,
he read the sad poems etched on the wooden walls, and wondered if his
brother, who was an artist, might have carved the beautiful calligraphy
during his confinement.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Nothing could deter my
father from returning to America, so his parents bought him another
false paper and on December 13, 1929, under the name Fook Gooy Wong, he
was taken to Angel Island with a false brother, who was the true son of
Wong Wah, who falsely claimed to have been born in the United States. The immigration authorities were quite suspicious of him because he looked a bit older than the 17 years that he claimed to be. Despite
a medical examination that put his age at plus or minus one year from
age 19, he was allowed to enter the U.S. after two weeks of questioning. My
father had the advantage of actually knowing the false family having
grown up with them as neighbors, so all his answers about the village
well and furniture used in the school room were spot on.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i> </i></div>
<div class="caption" style="float: left; margin: 5px;">
<i><img alt="Frank G. Wong" border="0" height="356" src="http://www.aiisf.org/images/stories/edward_wong/more%20family%20photos_0003.jpg" title="Frank G. Wong" width="215" /></i> <br />
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Frank G. Wong, far left, with his</span></b></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> brother and cousin in America.</span></b></div>
</div>
<i> </i><br />
After
staying with his false father at his laundry on Larkin Street, Moon
Tung aka Fook Gooy went to Oakland to stay in a room above a restaurant
on Webster Street. He visited his uncle, who worked as a cook at a U.C.
Berkeley fraternity house. But fearful that "people talk too much in
San Francisco," Fook Gooy took off for Chicago where his older brother
worked at the Hong Kong Noodle Factory. He settled there, enrolling in
night school and took English classes at a church. There he adopted his
third name, Frank G. Wong.<br />
His Chicago years were ones of great
change. He grew from a village boy to a young man. His stories about
going to movie palaces on State Street to see a live show and a double
feature, and excursions to see the fall colors in Indiana gave me a
glimpse of the young man, who freed of parental constraints could be as
stylish as he wanted to be. He continued to work hard at the noodle
factory, hefting 100 pound sacks of flour and making deliveries, but
when World War II came, he went to work as a welder in a defense plant
where he helped build landing craft.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
After the war, he returned to China to find a wife and met my mother, Siu Fong Yu through a marriage broker. After a three-week courtship, they married, and spent a year touring China. Shortly thereafter, the first daughter, Suet Chi or Suzi, was born in Toisan. </div>
<div class="caption" style="float: right; margin: 5px;">
<img alt="Suzi Wong with mom and dad" border="0" height="300" src="http://www.aiisf.org/images/stories/edward_wong/more%20family%20photos_0002.jpg" title="Suzi Wong with mom and dad" width="194" /> <br />
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Suzi Wong with mom and dad</span></b></div>
</div>
By then the Communists were poised to take over China. My father decided to return to the U.S. to raise a family. He decided to settle in Los Angeles and start a laundry business. The
entry level was low and although the hours were long, they were not as
onerous as ones for cooks, the only other job he had ever held. After
sending for his wife and daughter over to the U.S. in first class on
the SS President Coolidge, they moved into a laundry in Hollywood.<br />
The
next years were all about raising kids and stabilizing the business. In
quick succession, three children were born: Edward in 1950, Donna in
1951, and Warren in 1952. For many years, we lived in the back of the
laundry at 6105 Melrose Ave. in Hollywood. Make-shift beds were
constructed out of plywood, and the children took sponge baths in a
galvanized steel tub. As we got older, my parents desperately wanted to
find a house near the laundry, but racially housing covenants
restricted non-whites from owning a home in Hollywood. She came home
one day in tears after going to inspect a house. I asked her why she was
crying, and she said that when the owners saw their faces, they would
jack up the price and/or refuse to sell to them. This scene remains the
most vivid of my memories of discrimination. To see a grown woman, who
had been a school teacher in China, reduced to tears was searing and
sobering.<br />
<div class="caption" style="float: left; margin: 5px;">
<img alt="Warren, Donna, Eddie and Suzi Wong in LA Chinatown, 1950s" border="0" height="266" src="http://www.aiisf.org/images/stories/edward_wong/wong%20family%201950%201960_0005.jpg" title="Warren, Donna, Eddie and Suzi Wong in LA Chinatown, 1950s" width="383" /> <br />
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Warren, Donna, Eddie and Suzi Wong in LA Chinatown, 1950s</span></b></div>
</div>
My father's response to discrimination and insults from white customers at our laundry was alternately sad and frightening. Often,
he would adopt a sing-song voice and apologize, but when pushed to the
breaking point, he would erupt and loudly, boldly, and violently fling
open the counter top and shout, "If you think I have stolen your shirt,
come in here and take a look." His wild-eyed look and bulging muscles
would be enough to back any man down. Of course that customer never returned, so he had to choose his battles wisely.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
The laundry business grew slowly. My
parents went from taking the cash out of the receipt box just to pay
the bills to being able to save money and eventually buy a two-bedroom
house near L.A. City College. A kindly white doctor didn't mind selling
to Chinese , and we broke the color barrier in that neighborhood. Our
neighbors were a kindly Lebanese couple, and we felt welcomed. It was now 1957, and we were living on the cusp of the Civil Rights Movement, which would smash even more racial barriers.</div>
<div class="caption" style="float: right; margin: 5px;">
<img alt="Moon Tung and Siu Fong with the Hassid family" border="0" height="208" src="http://www.aiisf.org/images/stories/edward_wong/more%20family%20photos_0028.jpg" title="Moon Tung and Siu Fong with the Hassid family" width="325" /> <br />
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Moon Tung and Siu Fong with the Hassid family</span></b></div>
</div>
Throughout our youth, we were warned never to violate any laws and to avoid "trouble." There were vague hints that we could be deported if we got into "trouble." Little
did we know that my father was an illegal immigrant, who had entered
the U.S. falsely as the son of an American-born Chinese. Even the disparaging name assigned to us children, who gee doy/who gee new, which literally means "got paper boy/got paper girl," should have been a clue, but we had no idea what "papers" meant.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
In the early 1960s, we heard mother and father speak in hushed tones with worried looks on their faces. The false brother had confessed to the Immigration Naturalization Service in the amnesty program. My father received notice that he would need to surrender his citizenship and make a confession. My father would need to wait five years to reapply for citizenship and be able to reclaim his birth name: Moon Tung Wong.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
By
the mid -1970s, all the children had graduated from college, and my
mother and father had a chance to take more trips to Las Vegas, see
friends, and rest. By the late 1980s, they closed the laundry business and retired. My father spent his retirement years writing a book on how to win at keno. He took daily walks and collected junk. In November 1989, he became quite ill and was diagnosed with cancer and died on February 19, 1990. He was 80 years old.</div>
<br />
<div class="caption" style="float: left; margin: 5px;">
<br /></div>
<div class="caption" style="float: left; margin: 5px;">
</div>
As he approached the end of his life, he was at peace. His
children wereall settled in jobs. He had the satisfaction of playing
with four grandchildren, and he had the admiration of many friends. He had come a long way from muddy fields chasing water oxen in Toisan. He
had embraced three names, each signifying big changes in his life from
illegal immigrant to Americanized Chinese and back to his own true
identity. His life was full of discovery and although he
could not fulfill his dreams of getting an education, he lived to see
his children succeed in academic pursuits. Despite all the challenges he faced, he was determined to find a better life for himself and his family. Because of him, we too work hard and thank him for never stopping in the face of discrimination.<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Eddie
Wong was the Executive Director of the Angel Island Immigration Station
Foundation. He thanks his mother Siu Fong Yu Wong and his sisters Suzi
and Donna and his brother Warren for all their support.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b> He retire in June 2012 as four years as
Executive Director of the Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation </b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; font-size: small;"><b>Visit <a href="http://aiisf.org/">http://aiisf.org/ </a>for more Information, Interviews and Stories.</b></span>Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-22687480310247682002012-06-26T09:25:00.000-07:002012-06-26T15:34:06.673-07:00Ronald Reagan at Charlie Low's Forbidden City<br />
<br />
<center><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco </span></b></center><center><b><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></b></center><center><b><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/index0.html">San Francisco - Chinese</a> </span></b></center><center><b><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></b></center><center><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Ronald Reagan at Charlie
Low's Forbidden City</span></b><img alt="Charlie Low of Forbidden City is flanked by Ronald Reagan and Jane Wyman in a 1942 photograph" height="318" src="http://www.sfmuseum.org/photos15/ronnie.jpg" width="450" /></center>
<a href="http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/index0.html"> </a><br />
<blockquote>
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6024147951366258093" name="top">
</a><br />
<blockquote>
<div align="justify">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6024147951366258093" name="top"><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">"WHEN DOES CHARLIE FIND
TIME TO LOOK AT HIS FLOOR SHOWS?–Every time you see Charlie Low he's
in the company of such interesting people you wonder how he finds time
to stop looking into faces and concentrate on his glamorous Forbidden City
revues. The celebrities posed with him this time are Jane Wyman and Ronald
Reagan of the movies. The show that's entertaining the visitors is one
of the celebrated all-Chinese revues with Dorothy Sun and Mary Mammon as
highlights."</span></b>
</a></div>
<div align="justify">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6024147951366258093" name="top"><b><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i>San Francisco Life,</i> December
1942.</span></b></a></div>
</blockquote>
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6024147951366258093" name="top">
<b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Forbidden City, on the second floor
of 363 Sutter street, below Stockton, was one of several "Chinese nightclubs"
in San Francisco at the beginning of World War II, and certainly one of
the most successful. </span></b>
<img align="left" alt="Noel Toy, the 'Chinese Sally Rand' at Forbidden City - 1942" src="http://www.sfmuseum.org/photos16/sallytoy.jpg" /></a><br />
<div align="justify">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6024147951366258093" name="top"><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Low's competition included such
places as Club Shanghai and other Chinese nightclubs, owned by famed </span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist8/fongwan1.html">herbalist
Fong Wan</a>. In 1949, writer Dick Hemp of the <i>Chronicle</i> wrote of
a feud between Charlie Low and Fong Wan:</span></b>
</div>
<blockquote>
<div align="justify">
<b><span style="font-family: verdana;">"Fong presently has on
file in Superior Court a $50,000 suit against Charlie Low, another astute
Chinese night club entrepreneur, for allegedly 'stealing' an acrobat away
from Fong's Club Shanghai. "</span></b>
</div>
<div align="justify">
<b><span style="font-family: verdana;">"One Fong coup against Low is
already legendary in Chinatown and was struck when the herbalist bought
a six-story building at 334 Sutter street–across from Low's Forbidden
City night club–and erected a huge neon sign directing passersby to
Fong's club around the corner on Grant avenue.</span></b>
</div>
<div align="justify">
<b><span style="font-family: verdana;">"Fong denies there was malice
in this action, however, and credits it to his acute business sense. 'I
know valuable building,' he declared. 'Never think of Charlie Low at all,
I bought building for $90,000 and next day am offered $110,000, to get
it back. Ha, ha.'"</span></b></div>
</blockquote>
<img align="right" alt="Li Tei Ming, beautiful Oriental chanteuse of the Forbidden City..." src="http://www.sfmuseum.org/photos16/teiming.jpg" /><br />
<div align="justify">
<b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Actor Ronald Wilson Reagan (1911-
) had been called to active duty April 19, 1942, after a string of successful
Warner Bros. movies, including King's Row (1941) and Desperate Journey
(1942). He may have been waiting to begin work on the Irving Berlin wartime
musical This is the Army when this photograph was taken in October or early
November 1942. He is pictured with Jane Wyman, whom he married January
24, 1940.</span></b>
</div>
<div align="justify">
<b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Lieutenant Reagan was assigned
to the Army Air Corps' motion picture unit because he was too nearsighted
for regular military duty. He worked on training and combat films until
his discharge, as a captain, December 9, 1945.</span></b>
</div>
<div align="justify">
<b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Reagan retired from acting in
1954, served six terms as president of the Screen Actors Guild, and was
elected governor of California (1966-75). In 1980, <a href="http://gi.grolier.com/presidents/ea/bios/40preag.html">Governor
Reagan</a> was elected the 40th president of the United States.</span></b>
</div>
<div align="justify">
<b><span style="font-family: verdana;">The second-floor space that once
housed Forbidden City on Sutter Street suffered a major fire in the 1980s,
though the building remained intact. A renumbering of the block also changed
the address of the former Forbidden City to 369 Sutter Street. In 2000 it housed
a computer instruction company.</span></b></div>
</blockquote>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Ad for Charlie Low's Forbidden City at 363 Sutter Street. Night club act starred Dorothy Sun and Mary Mammon" height="397" src="http://www.sfmuseum.org/photos15/forbid.jpg" width="449" /><br />
<a href="http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/index0.html">http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/index0.html</a>Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6024147951366258093.post-20681082965653579932012-06-18T13:01:00.000-07:002012-06-26T10:38:50.551-07:00Rep. Judy Chu gets Congress to apologize for 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act<span id="RDS_article"></span><br />
<h1 class="articleTitle entry-title" id="articleTitle">
Frank Girardot: Rep. Judy Chu gets Congress to apologize for 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act </h1>
<div class="articleDate" id="articleDate">
Posted:
06/13/2012 08:11:43 PM PDT <a href="http://www.sgvtribune.com/"><span style="font-size: large;">http://www.sgvtribune.com</span></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="entry-content">
<div class="articleBody" id="articleBody">
<div class="articleViewerGroup" id="articleViewerGroup" style="border: 0px;">
<span class="articleEmbeddedViewerBox"></span></div>
Standing in the middle of North Los Angeles Street on Wednesday
afternoon, one would never know it was once an unrivaled den of
iniquity.
<br />
In the last half of the 19th Century the narrow,
cobblestone-lined street that radiates south from La Plaza and dead ends
at a wrought iron gate just north of the Hollywood Freeway was called
Calle de Los Negros.
<br />
Historians tell us that at any hour of the day the calle - on
the western edge of Los Angeles' first Chinatown - was the place to find
booze, broads, opium or cards.
<br />
In his book "The Herald's History of Los Angeles" written in
1901, Charles Dwight Willard described that period of time as "Los
Angeles at its worst."
<br />
It was a remembrance of that era Wednesday that brought Rep.
Judy Chu, D-El Monte, to North Los Angeles Street to make a historic
announcement.
<br />
Namely, that the United States Congress would formally issue
its regrets for a xenophobic period in U.S. history that resulted in the
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. Signed into law by President Chester
Arthur, the bill prevented Chinese immigration to the U.S. and excluded
Chinese residing in the states from becoming citizens.
<br />
Anti-Chinese sentiment really began during an economic
depression in the 1870s. California politicians blamed Chinese workers
for low wages and lack of work.
<br />
On Oct. 24, 1871, the hatred and reactionary ill-will boiled over on Calle de los Negros.
<br />
"The most terrible page in this
dark chapter of the city's history is that on which is recorded the
massacre of the Chinamen," Willard wrote. "It is hard to understand how
only thirty years ago such a horrible outrage came to be committed in
the city."
<br />
The riot began with the shooting death of a man identified as Robert Thompson.
<br />
Whites living outside the plaza blamed warring Chinese tongs
for Thompson's death and went on a rampage. One group hanged eight
Chinese men outside a corral on New High Street. Another looted and
burned shops. Chinese residents of the area who ventured out in public
were "hung or shot" on sight Willard wrote.
<br />
"Two of the victims were very young boys, and one, an old
physician, a man of good education, who begged for his life offered over
$2,000 to those who captured him," Willard continued. "The money was
taken, but he was hanged with the rest."
<br />
None of the leaders of the massacre were punished, Chu said in remarks she delivered to a dozen supporters at the site.
<br />
"There were in all 19 (Chinese) put to death. Some with great cruelty," Willard wrote. "The affair lasted only about an hour."
<br />
The riot was quelled by the sheriff and a posse of men who
arrested less than a dozen outlaws. A grand jury indicted 150 rioters.
Six were convicted at trial, but released on a technicality days after
their sentence was handed down.
<br />
Ultimately the mob politics of 1871 led to the sort of
codified racism that is hard to imagine today. Thus comes an apology -
of sorts.
<br />
Expressions of regret don't come easy from the U.S. Congress. There's been only three others.
<br />
"This took months and months of negotiations," Chu noted of
the bill, which is expected to pass next week. "It is so historic for a
generation of our ancestors who were told that the land of the free
wasn't open to them, these ugly laws will get an expression of regret by
the very body that passed them."
<br />
<a href="mailto:frank.girardot@sgvn.com">frank.girardot@sgvn.com</a>
<br />
(626) 962-8811, ext. 4478
</div>
</div>
<br />
Read more: <a href="http://www.sgvtribune.com/ci_20851938/frank-girardot-rep-judy-chu-gets-congress-apologize?IADID=Search-www.sgvtribune.com-www.sgvtribune.com#ixzz1yAxZonjn" style="color: #003399;">http://www.sgvtribune.com/ci_20851938/frank-girardot-rep-judy-chu-gets-congress-apologize?IADID=Search-www.sgvtribune.com-www.sgvtribune.com#ixzz1yAxZonjn</a><br />
<br />
<h3>
<img alt="" class="spotlight" height="480" src="https://sphotos.xx.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ash3/577474_4113306401033_1341927239_n.jpg" width="640" /></h3>
<img alt="" class="spotlight" height="480" src="https://fbcdn-sphotos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash3/526951_4113303920971_617262197_n.jpg" width="640" /><br />
<h4>
Photo credits to O.C.Lee</h4>
<h4>
<span id="yiv1545040548role_document" style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"><span id="yui_3_2_0_1_1340057014616332" style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"><span id="yui_3_2_0_1_1340057014616312"><div id="yui_3_2_0_1_1340057014616311" style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span id="yui_3_2_0_1_1340057014616310">Dear CHSSC,</span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">I'm pleased to announce a
breakthrough on my historic resolution of regret for
the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. After months
of negotiations, we have reached a bipartisan
agreement on the bill, which means that it will pass
unanimously out of the House of
Representatives!</span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">This will mark the first time
this legislative body acknowledges the far-reaching
injustice of these discriminatory laws. It is a
remarkable moment - and shows that great nations like
ours can learn from its mistakes and atone for them.
</span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">Just like many immigrants
before them and since, Chinese flocked to the United
States to make a better life for themselves. But
many encountered outright hostility and xenophobia, as
they were spat upon in the streets, derided in the
halls of Congress and even brutally murdered.
Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in
1882 to prevent the Chinese from immigrating, becoming
naturalized citizens, and from ever having the right
to vote. It was the beginning of a series of
several discriminatory laws aimed at Chinese
immigrants, and took 60 long years to be
repealed. </span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">The trauma of the Exclusion
Laws left a permanent scar upon generations of Chinese
Americans, splitting apart families, and
disenfranchising many. Like all Chinese
Americans, my own grandfather did not have the legal
right to become a naturalized citizen, and had to
carry papers on him at all times or else be
deported.</span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">My resolution, H. Res. 683,
finally acknowledges these injustices. It
formally regrets the passage of legislation that
adversely affected people of Chinese origin in the
United States because of their ethnicity, and
recognizes that the United States was founded on the
principle that all persons are created
equal. </span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">I feel especially honored to
have introduced this resolution as the first Chinese
American woman to have ever been elected to
Congress. I must express my sincere thanks to
Members of Congress from both sides of the aisle who
are strongly supporting H. Res. 683, and to my
colleagues in the Senate who unanimously supported a
similar resolution. Our success wouldn't have
been possible without community members and Americans
from every race and creed coming together to work on
this bill. </span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">I believe diversity is
America's greatest strength and I remain committed to
fighting for the civil rights of everyone in America,
no matter their ethnicity or background. This
resolution is another step forward on our path to
equal rights for all people, for all Americans.
</span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">In
friendship, </span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">Judy Chu</span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: black;">Member of
Congress</span></div>
</span></span></span></h4>
<h4>
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<img border="0" height="365" src="http://www.locketown.com/157a.JPG" width="650" /><br />
<b> HISTORY</b><br />
Locke was founded in 1915 after a fire broke out in the Chinese section of nearby Walnut Grove. The Chinese who lived in that area decided that it was time to establish a town of their own. A committee of Chinese merchants, led by Lee Bing, Chan Hing Sai, Tom Wai, Chan Dai Kee, Ng So Hat, Chan Wai Lum, Chow Hou Bun, and Suen Dat Suin was formed. They approached land owner George Locke and inquired if they could build on his land. An agreement was reached. The town was laid out by Chinese architects and industrious building ensued. The founding of Lockeport, later 'Locke', was a reality. By 1920 Locke stood essentially as you see it now.<br />
Levee construction originally brought the Chinese to this area, but by the time Locke was built most of the work was in farm labor. Locke had many businesses that catered to the farm workers and residents of this region. In the 1940's restaurants, bakeries, herb shops, fish markets, gambling halls, boarding houses, brothels, grocery stores, a school, clothing stores, and the Star Theatre lined the bustling streets of Locke. At its peak 600 residents, and as many as 1500 people occupied the town of Locke.<br />
On August 2, 1970, Locke was added to the registry of national historical places, by the Sacramento County Historical Society, because of its unique status as the only town in the United States built exclusively by the Chinese for the Chinese.<br />
Locke is no tourist trap, nor is it a ghost town. Its unusual, out-of-the-way charm is genuine. Perhaps it is this authenticity, without any hypocritical overtones, which brings so many out of town visitors to its doors.<br />
Currently, there are between 70 to 80 people live in Locke. Chinese population is down to about ten.<br />
<br />
Chinese have been in the Delta at least since the 1860s. As in most of the West, the Delta's Chinese population was made up of two separate groups who had emigrated from neighboring districts in Guangdong Province in southeastern China. One group came from Sze Yap, and the other from Chungshan district. <br />
Chinese have been in the Delta at least since the 1860s. As in most of the West, the Delta's Chinese population was made up of two separate groups who had emigrated from neighboring districts in Guangdong Province in southeastern China. One group came from Sze Yap, and the other from Chungshan district.<br />
The California state legislature passed the Swamp and Overflow Act of 1861 to encourage levee building for reclamation purposes. Subsequently, between three to four thousand Chinese laborers came to the Delta under contract to American developers built hundreds of miles of levees. Their task was arduous, requiring them to work in waist-deep water in an area which malaria was still endemic. They cut drainage ditches, built floodgates, and slowly piled up small levees. In this fashion, between 1860 to 1880 a total of 88,000 acres was reclaimed from the Delta marshlands.<br />
Once the land became fit for agriculture, Chinese remained in the Delta to become farm workers and tenant farmers.<br />
<b>More History </b> <br />
In 1915, both the Chungshan and Sze Yap sections of Walnut Grove's Chinatown burned to the ground. After years of less than peaceful coexistence, rather than rebuild in Walnut Grove, the Chungshan group moved out and later built themselves a town on land leased from the family of a land owner named George Locke.<br />
The Chinese can only leased the land to build the town because the state law forbade the Chinese immigrants to purchase land. Under terms of California's 1913 Alien Land Act, Chinese were not allowed to own land. The law was not declared unconstitutional until 1952.<br />
Originally the town was called Lockeport, the name was later shortened to Locke. The non-English-speaking Chinese began calling it 'Lockee', and still do today.<br />
Tin-san Chan and two other Chinese merchants leased and built the first three buildings in George Locke's property in 1912. They consist of a boarding house, a gambling parlor, and a saloon. The buildings are located at the south end of town, where the former saloon is now the Locke Garden Restaurant.<br />
After an accidental fire led to the complete destruction of Walnut Grove's Chinatown in 1915, a group of Chungshan merchants headed by Bing Lee, financed the construction of some nine residential houses and opened his own general merchandise store in the new town they called Locke.<br />
The asparagus boom was in full flower by 1920 in the Delta, more and more houses and businesses catering to the Chungshan workers in the asparagus field were being built in Locke. In 1925, Southern Pacific enlarged the packing shed across the street from Locke, consequently , Locke expanded even more rapidly. More than 600 Chinese were believed to live in town.<br />
Throughout the 1920s illicit amusement quarter began developed in town which included gambling parlors, speakeasies, a few opium dens, and several houses of prostitution. The gambling parlors, speakeasies and opium dens were owned and operated by Chinese. The prostitution business were owned, operated, and staffed by whites. There were no Chinese prostitutes in Locke because of the respectable Chinese families in town.<br />
Locke was a lively place in the 1920s. It had a Chinese owned movie theater called Star Theater which showed silent black and white films. A Chinese herbalist dispensed medicine and medical advice. There were six restaurants, nine grocery stores, a flour mill, a hotel, and numerous boarding houses.<br />
A gradual decline in the Delta's Chinese population began after World War II, and population decline became more rapid in the 1950s as more and more young Chinese Americans became better educated than their parents, they rarely stayed in agricultural districts. When the state government closed down all gambling business in town, merchants started to move out, and population in town decline even faster.<br />
<h4>
<br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Arial,Helvetica;"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">SPECIAL
PLACES TO VISIT
</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;">The entire town of Locke is a
historical site. Special
places to visit or see include:</span></div>
</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Arial,Helvetica;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Arial,Helvetica;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Locke
Boarding House Visitors’ Center
</b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Arial,Helvetica;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 20.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Arial,Helvetica;"><span style="font-size: small;">An
exhibit and research facility open to the public free of charge.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Arial,Helvetica;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Locke
Chinese School
</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 20.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">A
language school for the children of Locke established in 1926.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Locke
Memorial Park and Monument
</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 20.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Dedicated
to the Chinese who built the railroad, levees, and agriculture of
California and the town of Locke.<b>
</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Al
the Wop’s Saloon and Restaurant
</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 20.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Early
operation included a brothel.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Star
Theater
</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 20.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Past
enterprises included Chinese opera, gambling den, and brothel.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Dai
Loy Museum
</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 20.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">An
exhibit of Chinese gambling paraphernalia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Lockeport
Hotel
</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 20.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">The first
building in Locke.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Locke
Garden Restaurant
</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Chinese
restaurant that at one time housed Locke’s first saloon and gambling
hall.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Connie’s
Toilet Garden
</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">A
collection of planters made from discarded toilets of past Chinese
residents.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Locke
Community Garden
</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Established
during World War II as a victory garden.</span>
</div>
</span><br />
<a href="http://www.lockeca.com/"> http://www.lockeca.com/</a> <a href="http://www.locketown.com/">http://www.locketown.com/</a> <br />
<b><br /></b><br />
<b>EVEN MORE HISTORY</b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"></span><br />
<span style="color: #000099;"><b>Locke</b></span><br />
<i>Locke, Sacramento County</i><br />
This predominantly Chinese American community contains four blocks
of one- and two-story frame commercial and residential structures. Many
buildings are located along the levee of the Sacramento River, with
second-floor porches and loading sheds along the top of the levee. In
addition to the buildings, the communal vegetable garden is an integral
part of the community.<br />
The buildings date from three distinct periods. The earliest are
those built in 1912: the Tules restaurant building, the building across
from the Tules on Levee Street, and the building across from the Tules
on Main Street.<br />
The second group of buildings was constructed between 1915 and 1919:
the Town Hall and six other buildings built by Bing Lee on Main Street
— a restaurant, boarding house, two gambling houses, a dry goods store,
and a hardware store.<br />
The third group of buildings was built between 1920 and 1933: the
Southern Pacific packing shed and dock, the Star Theater, the soda
fountain and grocery store run by Robert Suen, the Locke Christian
Center, the post office, single story residences on Key Street, Al
Adam's restaurant, the gas station, and other buildings.<br />
Locke is unique in that the town was built by Chinese Americans for
Chinese Americans; its population is still largely Chinese American. Its
isolation is the result of various alien land laws that prevented early
Chinese immigrants and other aliens ineligible for citizenship from
owning land in California, and discouraged them from trying to establish
permanent communities. They were allowed to live where no one else
wanted to be, and were required to move whenever the owner of the land
wanted it for other purposes. Chinese Americans were permitted to
establish communities in the Sacramento/San Joaquin Delta area because
their labor and services were essential for draining swamps, building
levees, and growing crops.<br />
The predecessor of the town of Locke was a cluster of three
buildings called Lockeport. They were located a mile north of Walnut
Grove on the property of George Locke, a long-time Sacramento merchant
who had owned farm land in the delta region since the 1880s. Lockeport
was constructed by Tin Sin Chan and others from the Chung Shan district
in Kwangtung province, China.<br />
When a fire destroyed the Chinese American section of Walnut Grove
in October 1915, a division arose in the community between people who
had emigrated from the Chung Shan district and those from the Toi Shan
and other districts in Sze Yup ("the four districts"). The people from
Sze Yup (mostly from Toi Shan) decided to rebuild their community in
Walnut Grove, but those from Chung Shan, speaking a different dialect of
Cantonese and observing different customs, decided under the leadership
of Bing Lee to relocate to Lockeport.<br />
When the newcomers arrived in Lockeport, the only buildings were a
saloon owned by Tin Sin Chan, a boarding house built by Wing Chong
Owyang, and a gambling hall built by Yuen Lai Sing. Bing Lee financed
construction of six buildings near the first three Chinese American
buildings at a cost of $1,200 for each two-story structure. The
buildings were erected against the land side of the levee, fronting a
road on top of the levee and with a main street behind and below the
levee. Between 1915 and 1920, residents of Lockeport shortened its name
to Locke, and it gradually expanded from the original cluster of nine
buildings.<br />
Locke eventually had a permanent population of about 400, but at
times seasonal crop workers increased this figure to more than a
thousand. It had a church, a small Chinese school, a post office, a
lodge, a theater, nine restaurants and boarding houses, five hotels and
rooming houses, two saloons, four grocery stores, a hardware and herb
store, a fishmarket, two dry goods stores, a dentist's office, two cigar
stands, a shoe repair shop, a poolroom, and a bakery. Bordellos also
abounded, along with gambling halls.<br />
Although the population of the town of Locke has dropped today to
fewer than 100, it still survives as a reminder of the significant
contribution the Chinese American people have made to agricultural
development and rural life in California, despite racism and
discriminatory legislation.<br />
Locke is a California State Historical Landmark and is listed on the
National Register of Historic Places.<br />
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<img alt="Locke" src="http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/5views/images/5views3h52.jpg" /></div>
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<br />
<span><i>Locke, Locke, Sacramento County</i></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.nps.gov/" target="_top">
<img alt="ParkNet Home" border="0" height="48" src="http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/core_images/parknet%283%29.gif" width="113" /></a><span><i> <a href="http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/">http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/</a><a href="http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/">http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/</a></i></span></div>Chinese Historical Society of Southern Californiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12767346763060285784noreply@blogger.com3